A Study Of Judith Amory And Yaohua Shi's C-to-E Translation Of Culture-loaded Expressions In Xizao (Baptism) From The Perspective Of Resistant Translation Theory

With its economy booming,China has been playing an increasingly important role in the international stage.However,the influence of Chinese culture on the world is still weak and the cultural pattern of “strong West and weak China” still prevails.As a bridge for exchanging different cultures,translation can make a certain impact on this imbalanced pattern.The most vital steps to break the existing cultural pattern are to advocate Chinese culture and implement the strategy of “letting Chinese culture going out”,therefore,the soft power of Chinese culture as well as its international standing will be eventually raised.Baptism,Yang Jiang's solely full-length novel,contains a large number of culture-loaded expressions embodying Chinese linguistic and cultural foreignness,so studying these foreignness will prompt Chinese language and culture to spread worldwide.The English version of Baptism recognized by Yang Jiang is co-translated by American Judith Amory and Chinese American Yaohua Shi.Since Chinese culture-loaded expressions have unique linguistic and cultural foreignness,it is difficult to retain their foreignness in the process of translation.In order to keep the foreignness and carry forward Chinese culture,translators should adopt suitable translation strategies and methods.Resistant Translation Theory,put forward by American translator Lawrence Venuti,enables translators to be visible in the target text and to show the linguistic and cultural foreignness of the source text,and pursues “difference reserving” instead of “commonality seeking” so as to resist the invasion of strong culture on the weak culture and ultimately improve the position of weak culture.Lawrence Venuti's Resistant Translation Theory conforms to the task of raising Chinese culture's position,therefore,the author chooses it to be the guiding theory of this thesis.Under the guidance of Lawrence Venuti's Resistant Translation Theory,this thesis studies “the perfect translated versions” and “the imperfect translated versions” of the culture-loaded expressions in the English version of Baptism in terms of language and culture.After a comparative study on the source version and English version of Baptism,the author finds that the “the perfect translated versions” are mainly reflected in three aspects: 1.retaining the linguistic foreignness of the source text,2.retaining the cultural foreignness of the source text;3.retaining both linguistic and cultural foreignness of the source text.The author analyzes and summarizes the translation methods of retaining these foreignness.Meantime,the author also finds “the imperfect translated versions” are divided into three categories: 1.losing the linguistic foreignness of the source text;2.improperly translating the cultural foreignness of the source text;3 improperly translating both linguistic and cultural foreignness of the source text.This thesis analyzes the reasons of the improper translation and puts forward corresponding solutions so that the linguistic and cultural foreignness of Chinese culture-loaded expressions will be conveyed in the translated versions to the greatest extent.This thesis concludes that: the translation of Chinese culture-loaded expressions in the English version of Baptism has mainly retained the linguistic and cultural foreignness while some foreignness has been lost or mistranslated.In line with the principle of “letting Chinese culture go out”,the author holds that translators should emphasize transmitting the linguistic and cultural foreignness completely into the target text,regard translation as a locus of presenting linguistic and cultural differences,give more consideration to Resistant Translation Theory,and maximize the use of foreignizing strategy and the methods of literal translation,literal translation plus in-text paraphrase,literal translation plus out-text annotation,transliteration plus out-text annotation and explanational translation.By this way,the imbalanced cultural exchanges will be gradually changed,the soft power of Chinese culture will be increasingly improved,and more opportunities of learning Chinese culture will be offered to English readers.