An Exploration On The Presence And Absence Of "?" And "?" In Prepositional Frames Of Modern Chinese

The thesis takes three prepositional frames——“nominal composition +?/?”,“predicate element +?/? ”,and “prepositions + ?/?” as objects of the research.It investigates the rules and distinction of the presence and absence of “?” and “?” in modern Chinese.It also discusses the presence and absence mechanism of “?” and“?” from aspects of rhythm,semantic,syntax,pragmatic and so on.This thesis is divided into four chapters:The first chapter summarizes the status of previous studies,on which base to clear the research object,content,significance.It explicates the methodology of the study and data source.The second chapter clarify the locality structures into three types according to the characteristics matching with “?” and “?”.It discusses the presence and absence of“?” and “?” in these three locality structures respectively.Then it finds out rules and distinctions of the presence and absence of “?” and “?”.It draws the conclusion:the “?” and “?” in Category A structure “N/NP +locality nouns” comes up with three cases——free presence and absence,forced presence and forced absence;in Category B structure “V/ VP+ locality nouns” has only one form,which is forced appearance;in Category C structure “N/NP+ locality nouns” contains free presence and absence and forced appearance,and there exists presence and absence difference in the same kind of locality structure.The third chapter mainly analyzes the presence and absence factors of “?” and“?”.Firstly,it uses rhythm grammar theory to analyze the constraint of rhythm on the presence and absence “?” and “?”.Then through locality nouns' semantics,the semantics of components before locality nouns,and the semantics of verbs.It analyzes the constraint of syntax elements on the presence and absence of “?” and“?”.It mainly considers the influence of syntactic distribution and the preposition.Through statistical analysis of locality structure in text,it at length summarizes the constraint of co-occurrence components,context,subjective expression,style,personal style and other pragmatic factors on the presence and absence of “?” and“?”.Then it finds out the constraint of the presence and absence of “?” and “?” is not a single factor,but is involved in many factors——prosody,semantics,syntax,pragmatics and so on.The restriction is hierarchical,while semantic factors play a decisive role.The fourth chapter is the conclusion,which tells the conclusion and unsolved problems.