| Public opinion generally refers to the views of all classes of society on public affairs.Public opinion research,with distinct characteristics,can visually reflect the psychology of the public.In the land reform(including rent and interest rate reduction),every social classes in the Taihang District have their own understanding and response,multiple and vivid.Therefore,public opinion can be used as a breakthrough point and a unique perspective.In the past,there was a general belief that peasants actively advocated and supported the policy of the Communist Party of China(CPC).This kind of advocacy and support could be manifested from the formulation of the policy,that is,the CPC had made a proposal to reduce rent and interest rates,and the peasants responded quickly and eagerly.In fact,however,the original rural public opinions was on the contrary.The vast majority of peasants did not want to fight,and thought should not from their hearts,or even never had they thought.peasants had a strong sense of "fate" and believed that everything was doomed,so they were accustomed to the status quo;peasants,also with the simple concepts of "conscience",thus,thought the fight was "bad conscience",they could not throw away their "feelings" to the landlords either.Second,the peasants did not dare to respond the CPC,outstanding performance in their fear of landlords' retaliation and the "regime change" in the area ruled by the CPC.However,after they were launched,peasants quickly and vigorously "torn face" with the landlords,forming a very radical atmosphere of public opinion.During the movement,the unfair distribution of the fight fruits caused the peasants' great dissatisfaction.Peasants were very pleased and more advocated the CPC After the land was assigned to them.But other problems appeared at the same time,such as not daring to make a fortune.As the fight object,the vast majority of landlords,of course,were against the land reform to safeguard their own interests,and they chose todestroy the land reform.In terms of public opinion,they threatened farmers and cadres,spread rumors and drew the two groups to their side.During the period of rent and interest rate reduction,landlords mainly threatened farmers by taking back land,warned that if the rent was reduced,the land would be taken back.In the fight,landlords used their resources and power to menace farmers,and made them quit in face of difficulties,or propagated fatalism to resign themselves to the destiny.Besides,landlords also posed personal safety threats on farmers and cadres.Second,landlords spread "regime change",slandered the CPC and its army,and provoked the relationship between the masses and the CPC.Another way for landlords to hinder land reform in public opinion was to spread rumors.For the movement itself,landlords emphasized its shortness and unsustainability.During the movement,landlords misinterpreted the CPC policy and made use of problems in the land reform.To draw cadres and farmers to their side was an important self-protection method of landlords.For cadres,the most common and effective ways were bribery and unite by marriage;for farmers,often small favors.Some landlords pretend to be stupid or refuse to admit.The public opinions of landlords played a certain role,and the CPC had a resolutely fight back,controling the discourse power firmly.It should be pointed out that,in addition to obstruction and destruction,there were a small number of landlords showed their advocacy,mainly in the period of rent and interest rate reduction.As the land reform'operator,the grassroots cadres were also multi-faces.At the beginning of the fight,some cadres did not give enough attention.Some thought that rent and interest rate reduction was not important and held a reluctant attitude;some were feared of difficulties and their work was inactive;some believed that land reform was unimportant matter and had nothing to do with themselves;some only cared about their own production and ignored the peasants' requirements;some freed themselves then no longer concerned about the fight;and some were serious about the work of rent reduction,but full of concerns about the voilent land reform.Only a fewcadres did not attach importance to the land reform and a considerable majority worked actively.Instead of neglecting the land reform,some cadres became complacent after leading the fight.For example,some thought that the task has been successfully completed and wanted to "rest" after the settlement of some problems.Some looked down on the "backward masses";some were proud and complacent and resisted the check;and some compared their contribution with others.The most serious problems of cadres were taking up more fruit,even serious corrupted,covering up landlords and standing on the opposite side of the masses.In this regard,the CPC carried out the party consolidation movement immediately,washing black,and rectified cadres,then followed by a general review and reflection among grassroots cadres. |
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