Phonetic Research Of Xinjiang Yongning Dialect

Yongning dialect is a dialect island,mainly for two reasons.In terms of tone,the tone pattern of Yongning dialect is different from that of North Xinjiang Area of Lanzhou & Yinchuan Mandarin Dialect.It is also different from the that of South Xinjiang Area of central China Mandarin Dialect represented by Yanqi dialect.In terms of initial consonants and finals,there are systematic differences between Yongning dialect and Yanqi dialect.This paper makes a review of the present situation of the dialect of Xinjiang Yongning,and the acoustic characteristics of the mono-syllabic tones,vowels and consonants of Yongning dialect are revealed.This paper consists of four chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,which introduces the history?nationality?population and the phonological system of the town of 30 years ago.In the second chapter,from the perspective of the fundamental frequency and the duration,the paper makes a study on the mono-syllabic tone of the Yongning dialect,and the main conclusions as follows:(1)Compared it with 30 years ago,the number of the mono-syllabic tone of Yongning dialect have reduced from 4 to 3.Qusheng213 has disappeared,and form yangpingqu24 with yangping.(2)The duration pattern of Yongning dialect: Yinping44 >Yangpingqu 24 >Shangsheng51.In the third chapter,we have compared the first and the second formants of the vowels.There are two conclusions:(1)The number of the vowels of Yongning dialect has reduced from 32 to 30.(2)In the past 30 years(1986-2016),Yongning dialect has experienced the processes of vowel raising and fricativision of *[i]?*[u]? *[y].And then a campaign of pull chain shift in the vowel system was triggered.In the fourth chapter,through the extraction of the data of VOT?GAP and the initial fundamental frequency of the vowel being followed by the plosive or the affricate,we have studied the plosive and the affricate.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In the same manner of articulation,the VOT of velar plosive will be the longest in the one word group.(2)The duration of the closure is the shortest in alveolar plosives of aspireated plosives.The duration of the closure is the shortest in bilabial plosives of un aspirated plosives.(3)The initial fundamental frequency of the vowel being followed by the plosive in one word group in Yongning dialect is higher than it of unaspirated plosive when the position of articulation is same.The initial fundamental frequency of the vowel being followed by the plosive is lowest in men's alveolar plosive when the manner of articullation is same.(4)The initial fundamental frequency of the vowel being followed by the affricate in aspirated affricate in one word group of Yongning dialect is higher than it in unaspirated affricate when the position of articulation is same.But the results in men's research was not like that.When the manner of articulation is same,the initial fundamental frequency of the vowel being followed by the affricate in retroflx affricates of men,also the initial fundamental frequency of the vowel being followed by the affricate in alveolar affricate is lowest in aspirated affricates of men.