The Acoustic Experimental Study On Mono-syllable And Bi-syllable Tone In Cantonese In Guangxi Yongning District

Yongning District belongs to Nanning city,Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region,located in the south of Guangxi,the south-east of Nanning.Yongning Cantonese is a kind of language widely used by local people.With the promotion of Mandarin and the simplification of language itself,Yongning Cantonese have a greater difference with the early years in consonants,vowels,and pitch.But in this research,we are only focus on the mono-syllable pitch and the bi-syllable pitch,aimed at discussing the difference between old Groups and Young Groups,to present the changes in the pitch of recent 50 years.This article is divided into four parts.The first part is the introduction.This section introduces the history and current status of Yongning District,to give a brief introduction towards consonants,vowels,and pitch.Besides,some related documents are listed to support my point of view.There are 6 speakers in this study,45 single words and 243 bi-syllable words,related to 33,534 original data.The second part is the experimental study on mono-syllable tone of Yongning Cantonese.With the help of mini-table-lab and the T-Value Method,this research will discuss it from the following aspects: pitch form,pitch level,pitch range,tone pitch,the length of time.The experimental results are as follows: Yinping(T1)55,Yangping(T2)31,Yinshang(T3)24,Yangshang(T4)24,Yinqu(T5)33,Yangqu(T6)32,Shangyinru(T7)4,Xiayinru(T8)3,Yangru(T9)32.Yinshang(T3)24 and Yangshang(T4)24 are intermixed in Yongning Cantonese.The third part is the experimental study on bi-syllable pitch of Yongning Cantonese.In this section,we focus on the variety of tone categories when it in front or back position and classify them into tone phoneme Sandhi or non-tone phoneme Sandhi.In this research,we find that 44 tone combinations have been changed in total,35 of them are tone phoneme Sandhi and the leftover are non-tone phoneme Sandhi.All the Yangping(T2)combinations are changed into Yangqu(T6).The fourth part is a comparative study about the old groups and young groups.Three female speakers are selected cause their age and what they present shows a clear change track of Yongning Cantounese.