Research On The Movement Of Reduction Of Rent And Interest In The Tai Hang Anti-Japanese Base

In Mao Zedong's theory of new democracy,the core problem of Chinese revolution is peasants,and land is the key to solve the problem of peasants.In the period of the new democratic revolution,the Communist Party put forward different policies and methods to solve the land problem.In 1936,the Ten-Point Programme for Resisting Japan and Saving the Nation was announced in Luochuan Conference in which the policy of reduction of rent and interest was officially put forward.It was a special policy set out during the War of Resistance,which changed the land policy of the “land to the tiller” during the National Revolution.And the aim of this policy was to unite landlords and rich peasants together to build up and consolidate the anti-Japanese national united front.The reduction of rent and interest was throughout the war of resistance against Japan and the early stages of the liberation war,which involved allaspects of social life in China and became the starting point for the Chinese Communist Party to establish and consolidate the anti-Japanese base areas,integrate the society and build rural social order.Thus,the importance of the policy can speak for itself.Taihang base is one of the earliest established bases built by the Communist Party in North China,and provinces including Shanxi,Hebei,Shandong and Henan are directly under its jurisdiction,thus it held a pivotal position throughout the war in North China.The policies and guidelines formulated by the party were well implemented there and are representative for research.Therefore,this paper chooses the reduction of rent and interest movement in the Taihang area,discussing the development of this movement from the historical materialism perspective by studying the policies,work development,achievements and problems in different stages of the region to understand the changes of the ideology of the peasants,the society and the economics in the base areas during the period,and to reflect the positive effects of the movement of reduction of rent and interest on rural society and on the war of resistance against Japan.First of all,this article mainly discusses the social and economic situation of the Taihang base in the pre-war period,analyzes the land distribution and class structure of the Taihang base area,and also the tenancy relationships and the debtor-creditor relationships,which truly shows the condition of the feudal exploitation and the peasants of their actual living conditions,reflecting thenecessity and urgency for rent and interest reduction.Secondly,the detailed description of the process of the movement in Taihang base(1938-1941 preliminary trial,1942-1943 carried out generally,1944-1945 completely implemented)is presented in the paper to systematically explain the announcement of the policy of each stage,specific works and the implementations,not only showing results,but also pointing out the problem,showing the counterbalance relations among groups,as well as the leading and coordinating functions of the party in the process,which is the core of this paper.Thirdly,from the sociological point of view,the paper analyzes the social changes brought by the movement to the Taihang base,changs in following aspects:including the positive role of unity in the resistance war,the improvement of agricultural productivity development,land relations and class structures and the grass-roots political power.The experience of the movement,that is,the reduction of rent and interest should be combined with the transformation of the village government.The party focused on guiding the masses to link economic struggles with political struggles so that farmers could understand that only their unity can liberate themselves and separate them from ignorance and backwardness.The following points have been gained from the reduction of interest rates in the Taihang Anti-Japanese Base Area,the party remolded the thoughts of cadres and the masses,helped the cadres to set a new style of work so they carried out the mass line well in the movement.In addition,the party made good use of the Marxism to solve the problem,stuck to thespecific analysis of specific issues,paid attention to solve problems according to different conditions and stages.All these historical experiences are important to solve the land problem and new rural construction.It should be taken seriously.