Research On The Use Of Characters Of The Idom “Sanzu Shan Suan” In Naxi Dongba Scripture

As the few living hieroglyphics in the world today,Naxi Dongba character,whose character form and writing show primitive,plain or unsophisticated,holds more retention on the properties or characteristics of the early writing language and is known as “lived stone” in the character research by scholars.Researchers studied it in many aspects and remarkable achievements have been made.On the basis of former studies,this paper takes the Annotated collection of Naxi Dongba Manuscripts as primary research materials,comprehensively collects various editions of the idom “Sanzu Shan suan” in it as the research objects and makes an overall investigation about its record of language units,manners of language expression,different writing of strokes and so on,so as to explore the using characteristics of Dongba character in specific language environment,and then deepen the knowledge of the properties of Dongba character.This paper is made up of six chapters altogether.Chapter one: Exordium.Firstly,it summarizes the research status of Dongba character,especially the correlative study on the use of characters and edition comparison.Secondly it analyses the research significance,characteristics and methods.Finally it gives the concept definition of the idiom and the use of characters in Naxi Dongba Scripture,and also has an introduction about the selection of research materials.Chapter two: Explanation examples of the idiom “Sanzu Shan suan”.This chapter includes two parts: one is an introduction of related styles and requirements of explanation in this paper,and the other is the explanation example of one version respectively chosen from each area of BaoMingDa,LiJiang and LuDian about the idom “Sanzu Shan suan”.Chapter three: Research on the record of language units about the idom “Sanzu Shan suan”.This chapter makes an macro investigation of the correspondence between literal symbols and language units and carries on the comprehensive discussion about them from two aspects:one to one correspondence or not,among which the latter is further divided into two kinds: a character without words and a word without characters.Meanwhile,this chapter focuses on the cause of them,pointing out some particular character phenomena,such as rewriting,miswriting,etc.Chapter four: Research on the manners of language expression about the idom “Sanzu Shan suan”.First of all,it gives an general description of the manners of language expression used in the seventy-nine editions of “Sanzu Shan suan”,comprising of phonetic manners,ideographic manners and phonetic transliterated manners.Furthermore,it particularly lays stress on some characteristics showing in real applications of this material about these three manners.Chapter five: Research on the different writing of strokes in the idom “Sanzu Shan suan”.On the basis of the forty-four groups of different writing of strokes in the idiom “Sanzu Shan suan”,a micro-analysis has been made about its changing pattern,writing characteristic and forming reason,among which the changing pattern mainly consists of simplification,complication,symbolization and others.Chapter six: Improvements about some problems existing in the idiom “Sanzu Shan suan”.This chapter chiefly summarizes several problems showing in the seventy-nine editions of “Sanzu Shan suan”,concretely representing in three aspects: character,pronunciation and translation.Meanwhile,we have a preliminary study on the causes of these three problems for providing references on the arrangement and research of Dongba ancient books.