Working Memory Load?emphasis And Forgetting Practice On The Aftereffects Of Completed Intentions In The Young And The Elderly

Prospective memory is a research field which put forward relative to the etrospective memory,and it is closely related to our daily life.Prospective memory refers to the mories of the future events or behavior,to a great extent,this advanced cognitive activity affects the adaptability of the human individuals and ethnicity.In recent years,people have become increasingly aware of the importance of good prospective memory capacity to meet the needs of the daily life.Research of prospective memory develop rapidly,whose research scope includes cognitive mechanism,influence factors and electrical neural basis and so on.But look at the previous research object,it mostly focused on the process that prospective memory intention are not completed,but research on the development process of completed intention still negligible.What's the state after prospective memory intention is completed?What factors will significantly affect the process?How can we properly apply those factors to real life?Therefore,this study focuses on discussing the problem of elderly on aftereffects of completed intention.Experiment 1 sets the n-back to control the cognitive load,then test the PM aftereffects of the young and the old two different age stages;Experiment 2 mains in easier task as is low cognitive load,by controlling the emphasis and not emphasis two instructions to test the strategy about the aftereffect of prospective memory intention;Experiment 3 is also under the low cognitive load,by controlling forgotten practice conditions,examines whether forgotten practice is a factor of prospective memory intention aftereffects.Through the three experiments,we get the following conclusions:(1)completed intention of prospective memory is not immediately disappear,but maintain a certain level of activation.And the activation level of completed intention will produce certain aftereffects of prospective memory intention,and produce certain interference to the ongoing task.(2)The aftereffects of prospective memory completed intention on the low cognitive load is smaller than the high cognitive load.Under the low cognitive load,aftereffects of prospective memory of old people is greater than the young,there is an aging phenomenon.In the completed intention stage,young people's response for the prospective memory target is faster than the old.(3)Emphasis did not significantly reduce the aftereffects of completed intentions of elderly,but may also adds burden to the participants,because the participants need more cognitive resources on monitoring target clues.Compared with non-emphasis condition,subjects using method automatically might be more useful than the emphasis strategy that our experiment provide.(4)Forgetting practice can effectively improve the accuracy of completed prospective memory targets.Participants can allocation of cognitive resources more effectively,the completed prospective memory targets 'reaction is still slower than the standard stimulus.So forgetting practice is an effective strategy to decrease the after effects of prospective memory intention.