The Influence Of Gratitude On College Students' Aggression And Its Psychological Mechanism

Objective:(1)To understand the status of college students'gratitude and explicit aggressiveness and relationship between them;(2)To analyze the mediating role of perceived social support between gratitude and explicit aggressiveness;(3)To analyze the relationship between college students'gratitude and implicit aggressiveness,and the moderating role of perceived social support between gratitude and implicit aggressiveness.Methods:(1)Investigation research:In study 1,the 940 college students from a university in Shanxi Province were investigated with General Information Survey Questionnaire,Gratitude Questionnaire-6,Perceived Social Support Scale and Chinese version of Buss&Perry Aggression Questionnaire to understand the relationship between college students'gratitude and perceived social support and explicit aggressiveness and explore psychological mechanisms;(2)Experimental research:In study 2,assigned 141 college students to four different groups according to the first 27%and the latter 27%of the scores of the Gratitude Quessionnaire-6 and Social Support Scale in study 1,based on voluntary,each group of college students participate in the preparation of E-prime 2.0.Self-style IAT and evaluation IAT two tests.Analyze the college students'implicit self-aggressiveness and implicit evaluation aggressiveness under the comprehension perceived social support ability.Results:1.Survey findings(1)The total score of gratitude in college students is 5.64,which was significantly different on gender(t=-2.34,p<0.05),grade(F=2.65,p<0.05)and gender*birth(F=4.23,p<0.05).The total score of explicit aggressiveness in college students is 2.16,the total score of explicit aggressiveness are different because of gender(t=5.18,p<0.001)?grade(F=7.78,p<0.001)and gender*grade(F=5.53,p<0.01);the score of aggressive behavior are different because gender(t=8.74,p<0.001),grade(F=5.63,p<0.01)and gender*grade(F=3.64,p<0.05)and gender*grant(F=4.54,p<0.05);the scores of aggressive emotion are different because grade(F=12.41,p<0.001)and gender*birth(F=5.33,p<0.01);there was a significant difference in self-aggression between gender(t=2.55,p<0.05),grade(F=6.98,p<0.001)and birth(F=2.99,p<0.05)and gender*grade(F=11.90,p<0.001).(2)The results of correlation analysis showed that gratitude was significantly positively correlated with perceived social support(r=0.423,p<0.001),and a significant negative correlation between perceived social support and explicit aggressiveness(r=-0.320,p<0.001);And gratitude was negatively correlated with explicit aggressiveness(r=0.-0.279,p<0.001).Structural equation model results show that college students'gratitude has a significant negative predictive effect on their explicit aggressiveness(?~2/df=2.173,GFI=0.986,NFI=0.973,CFI=0.985,RMSEA=0.053);perceived social support full mediation between gratitude and aggressiveness(?~2/df=3.702,GFI=0.960,CFI=0.957,RMSEA=0.081);2.Experimental study results(1)In the self-aggression IAT test,under the high perceived social support,there was a significant difference in response time between subjects with compatible and incompatible tasks(t1=14.762,p<0.001).The value of D was less than 0;under the low perceived social support,the response time of compatible and incompatible tasks was significantly different(t1=5.368,p<0.001),and the D value was less than 0;In the evaluation IAT test,under the high perceived social support,there was a significant difference in response time between subjects with compatible and incompatible tasks(t1=9.593,p<0.001).The value of D was less than 0;under the low perceived social support,the response time of compatible and incompatible tasks was significantly different(t1=9.892,p<0.001),and the D value was less than 0;The study found that both the high perceived social support group and the low perceived social support group,the study group's implicit evaluation aggressiveness D value is greater than implicit self-aggressive.(2)In the self-aggression IAT test,the main effect of perceived social support was significant,F=13.52,p<0.001,the main effect of gratitude was significant,F=5.84,p<0.05,the effect of perceived social support*gratitude on implicit self-aggressiveness there was interaction,F=4.22,p<0.05.Further simple effect analysis,under the low gratitude,the impact of perceived social support on implicit self-aggressiveness is significant,F=15.43,p<0.001,under the low perceived social support,gratitude has a significant impact on implicit self-aggressiveness,F=9.15,p<0.01;In the evaluation IAT test,the main effect of perceived social support was significant,F=21.99,p<0.001,and the main effect of gratitude was significant,F=17.65,p<0.01.Conclusions:(1)College students'gratitude level is in the middle and upper level,and explicit aggressiveness is in the middle level.Gratitude has a significant negative predictive effect on explicit aggressiveness,especially for predicting individual's hostility cognition and self-aggression;(2)Perceived social support played a mediating role between college students'gratitude and explicit aggressiveness;(3)The research subjects of implicit self-aggressiveness and implicit evaluation aggressiveness are existing,and implicit evaluation aggressiveness is more aggressive than implicit self-aggressiveness;(4)In the two tasks,the high gratitude individual's implicit self-aggressiveness and implicit evaluation aggressiveness were weaker than the low gratitude individuals;(5)In the implicit self-aggressiveness test,perceived social support plays a moderating role between gratitude and implicit self-aggressiveness.Under low perceived social support,the two are more closely linked.