Research On The Causes Of Eueopean Union Differentiated Integration

With the development of European Debt Crisis, a serires of differentiated integration measures, such as “Two-Speed Europe”, “Europe a la carte”, catch the sight of the EU authority and member states again. Moreover, it stimulates the debate about the direction of EU's future. Some schloars believe that the differentiated integration will lead to the stagnation of the EU integration, even the disruption. While, others think that differentiated integration is the suitable measure to maintain the current integration achivements and will promote integration's development in the future. In order to dicuss this question objectively, the first step that should be done is figuring out the causes of the differentiated integration. It is important for us to give a propriate judgement to its effect on EU integration.By analysing differentiaed integration's definition and old cause explainations, it can be discovered that using system effects to observe differentiated integration is more reasonable, when treating EU as an intergovernmental organization that has super-national feature. When discovering causes of differentiated integration under perspective of system effects, 4 types of relationships should be noticed: the impacts that domestic political stuation on government's decision making, the interaction between member states, the interaction between memberstates and EU authorities and the interaction between EU and the rest of the world.Observing all above relationships in differentiated integration history and concerete measures, it can be found that there are 3 major causes that lead to differentiated integration: heterogeneity, the goals that stimulate member state to pariticipate in integration process and the interaction between EU and the rest of the world. Besides, above causes use five means of system effects, direct—immediate—intentional system effect etc, to affect the process of building differentiated integration. As for the development of differentiated integration, although differentiated integration emephsizes meeting the unique needs of member states, it still guarantees the overall uniformity in the final. In the future, it is more possible that differentiated integraion will promote the process of EU integration.