| Born in 1920, the PCF had been a brilliant performance in nearly a hundred years of history, and reached political peak after World War II when it had more than 80 million party members, the PCF have had an important role in the French domestic politics and political life of Western Europe. However, since the 1980s, especially after the Drastic Change in Former Soviet Union, the PCF suffered a sharp decline in political influence and increasingly marginalized. In the severe domestic and international situation and the rapidly changing political and economic environment, Robert Hue leading the PCF actively explored new theories under extremely difficult conditions, in 1996, formally proposed a "Neo-communism" theory. "Neo-communism" theory is a positive response to the new situation and has a very positive sense. After Robert Hue, the national secretary Marie—George Buffet and Pierre Laurent continued theoretical reflection and strategic adjustments for "Neo-communism" theory. Today, the evolution and development of "Neo-communism" theory has been 20 years, to the changing situation, the PCF did not stop reflecting, still defying twists and turns and having the courage to explore. Depth study of the old Communist Party in Western Europe——the PCF's theoretical innovation, grasp the real situation of the French socialist movement, to arrive at a scientific conclusion, have important significance in understanding the trend of theory of the Communist Party of Western Europe, and the trend of Contemporary Socialism and 21st International Communist movement.The thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter one introduces the background and the significance of the topic, the research status and the literature review, and also the innovation. Chapter two introduces the historical background and the essential spirit of the "Neo-communism" theory which put forward by PCF. This part analysis the cause of "Neo-communism" from the development of Capitalism influenced by the third revolution, the theoretical and practical defect of "The French Socialism", and the grim situation faced by the PCF after the Soviet drastic change. This part also illustrates the theoretical natural spirit, which is Transcending mode, to look for a strategic roadmap which matches its own characteristics and the new atmosphere. Chapter three standing at point of the degree of left wing of the "Neo-communism" and the replacement of the leaders of the PCF, analysis the elaboration, the adjustment and the improvement of "Neo-communism" respectively which during the Robert Hue period, the Marie—George Buffet period, and the Pierre Laurent period, which leads to a conclusion that the theoretical policy of "Neo-communism" has.changed based on its natural spirit, more emphasis on its unique position and guiding principle. It not only reaches deep-seated problems theoretically, but also ingratiates the reality gradually on policy consideration, which highlights the conclusion of left wing color and identity. Chapter four illustrates the evolution of the "Neo-communism", analyses the reasons of that evolution, introduces the shortcomings in practice of the "Neo-communism" theoretical development, and the essential significances of the theoretical exploration of the "Neo-communism". Chapter five is the conclusion of this dissertation. Although the "Neo-communism" has developed for nearly twenty years, but it is also an immature theory with much defects, which needs practical tests and continually improvements and developments. The "Neo-communism" theory is an innovative theory, and the PCF is also a modernization party pays attention to reformation, I believe with the continuing improvements of the "Neo-communism" theory, it will be a powering guide to lead the action of the PCF, and making PCF amodernization party with strong political influences.This thesis mainly studies with three methods:Firstly, the method of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. Dialectical materialism and historical materialism reveals that the general rules of emergence, change and development of the physical world and human society. PCF's "Neo-communism" theory has the reason and process of its emergence, development and change. Papers bases on the background of PCF's theory, discuss the reasons for the process of development and change, comprehensive study of PCF's theory. Secondly. it's the literature analysis method. Widely collected and carefully analyze the research results of scholars at home and abroad. Analysis and understand and study the of the original files such as the statements and the resolutions during the 34th to the 36th congress of PCF based on the data, to obtain the needed information, and analyse again, tease and integrate them, so as to explore the adjustment and innovation the PCF in the new century to the theory. Thirdly, it's comparative research. Comparison is the base of understanding things, through the analysis of the differences and similarities of things to know them. Through the comparison method of the PCF put forward the theory of policy in different periods to explore analysis, in order to correctly understand PCF's "Neo-communism", to make the research deeper.The innovation of this thesis is that I have a wide range of possible comprehensive collection of original documents of PCF, based on my analysis of relevant research combing home and abroad, particularly, the PCF General Assembly resolutions and other data in nearly seven or eight years. According to current new situations and new information collected, I attempt to undertake a comprehensive discussion on the evolution of the theory to study "Neo-communism" theory of PCF in a larger time span, to grasp its essential spirit. |
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