Research On Economic Security Of Elderly Women In China's Urban

With the accelerating development of the aging of population in China, elderly female population share are also increasing. With the process of urbanization carrying forward, the proportion of old women in the city has been increasing. Because of longevity compared to men and gender discrimination has always been, elderly women have the cumulative effect of the weakness. So that the problem of elderly women is more particularity, particularly the problem of the economic security issues. In the circumstances of ability of the family pension function, social security and social services weakened, issues of elderly women population need to be given more attention.In this study, based on the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) in 2012, the paper started from a gender perspective and the special nature of the elderly women; it researched the economic security of elderly women in the urban, and found the effect factors of the economic situation. In order to solve the pension problem of elderly women in urban, the paper tried to put forward some suggestions to change their disadvantaged position.It found that significant changes of the source of mainly economic of the elderly are taking place: there is an obvious difference of the source of mainly economic between the elderly men and women; The elderly men have better economic independence, while the elderly women are more depending on supports from other family members. There is also an obvious difference between different ages: the elder population in low age group relies mainly on their own labor income and pensions, while the elder population in the high age group depends on supports from other family members. The married elderly women mainly rely on their own labor income and pensions, while the widowed depends on supports of the social security. The differences mentioned above can be verified by the Logistic Regression. There are only the variables of ages, marital status and work or not which have no significant effect to the economic security situation of elderly women in the urban.The study pointed out that there are still many problems with economic security of older women of urban in China at present. Firstly, being singleness and less income resources of structure, the elderly women have bad social security and self-support capacity; Secondly, there is a big gap between different groups, and vulnerable groups in the elderly women faced more obvious difficulties; Thirdly, with the low level of social security for elderly, the system construction faces many problems and difficulties. Accordingly, the paper tried to put forward some suggestions: First, improving the social pension insurance system, which will overwrite the elderly women. Second, the subsistence allowances system should expand its coverage. Third, it should establish the social assistance system for special poverties. Fourth, it should adjust the social policy actively and strengthen the function of elderly support of family. Fifth, it should support the elderly women participate in society and improve their self-support capabilities.