Analysis On Poverty-alleviation Countermeasures Based On Typical Projects Investigation

Each country in the world is facing with severe poverty problem.As the biggest developing country with the most population,China has always been suffering from severe rural poverty.Since the Reform and Opening up from 1978,China has made dramatic progress in reducing poverty via system reform and institutional innovation.By 2014,over 70 million people still remained in poverty and they are mainly distributed in the 14 large-scale poverty-stricken areas.In 2013,the central government put forward the on-target poverty alleviation method and announced to help the remained poverty-stricken people out of poverty and eradicate absolute poverty by 2020.To accomplish this target,it is of both theoretical and practical importance to analyze the existing problems in current anti-poverty efforts,and to make corresponding policy suggestions.In this thesis,Min-Ning cooperation project,"Poor rural communities development project" and Tsinghua University poverty reduction project are discussed specifically,including the background both at home and abroad as well as the development process.Based on the fact of uneven development between the urban and rural areas and between the eastern and western regions,East-west regional cooperation mode with Chinese features was put forward and has turned out to be highly efficient and helpful to promote coordinated development among regions.Especially in the last 20 years,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region develops fast with the help of Fujian province.This mode fully reflects our creativity in poverty alleviation efforts.However,the problems revealed during its implementation process,such as the lack of relevant laws,are common in current top-down strategy.The biggest challenge is how to identify every poor person and ensure the poorest farmers get what they need.The participation approach,brought in by foreign-aid projects,has proved to be the best solution by empowering poor farmers to play a role in those projects.The "Poor rural communities development project" sponsored by the World Bank,ensured sustained and effective participation of poor groups,women,ethnic minorities and marginalized groups throughout the whole project cycle:from poverty analysis and development planning to implementing,monitoring,evaluating and revising project activities.While this participation approach has many advantages,it needs more financial and material support and demands higher requirements for government staff and poor farmers.In practice,some farmers show litter enthusiasm and lack the sense and ability of participation due to their low education level.So we should make every effort to improve education situations in their areas.Education is of great significance in poverty-alleviation because it can block the poverty intergeneration transmission.Tsinghua University has gained meaningful experience in practice by making the best of its education resources.But due to the perennial shortage of funds,in western regions,illiteracy rate is much higher than the national average,and education facilities and high-quality teachers are severely insufficient.Base on the above analysis,we suggest to widespread the participation approach to identify each poor people within a short time,especially to improve the work of establishing card for archives,and comprehensively mastering the ongoing situation of the poor families.We suggest to establish the needed legal system to enforce the East-west regional cooperation mode.We suggest to make progress in securing fair access to education and improve the badly built and poorly operated schools in poor areas.We suggest to intensify efforts to reform and develop medical and health care and to strengthen the social security.