Study On Citizen Participation In Public Decision Making In China

With the development and changes of the domestic and international situation, it is more and more attention to explore the reasonable way of thinking and method to promote public participation in public decision-making. Government decision-making process, to allow citizens to participate in the decision-making in the formulation of the interests of citizens to take into account the needs of the government to develop a reasonable and scientific decision-making, but also conducive to the smooth implementation of the decision-making.This paper is based on the actual situation of our government, the basic principle, based on Marx Lenin's political theory, Mao Zedong thought, Deng Xiaoping China socialism theory as the theoretical guidance, to discuss the situation of citizen participation in government public decision-making, and combined with the experience of citizen participation in the process of Western governments in the political decision, draw inspiration. The necessity and necessity of public participation in public decision making and the countermeasures are discussed. The full text is divided into introduction and four chapters:Introduction: the background and significance of the topic, research status at home and abroad. The domestic research mainly focuses on several problems: the problem about the relationship between public policy and citizen participation, on the current situation of citizen participation in public decision-making, on the promotion of ideas and suggestions on problems of citizen participation in public decision-making; showing three characteristics: the citizen participation in public decision-making awareness has increased, but the heat or attention not enough; the quality of the existing research is not high enough; the problem about relationship between domestic public decision-making and citizen participation, disagreement; foreign scholars mostly from the citizens to participate in the democratic management of this problem extends the conclusion, including: on the traditional political participation theory criticism; on the effective decision model of political participation; on the way of citizen participation problems. In addition, the research method and frame structure are also described.The first chapter mainly elaborates the connotation, the theory and the significance of citizen participation in public policy making. Discusses the connotation of public decision-making, public decision-making characteristics: diversity of subject, content universality, complexity of interests, the non-profit; discusses the connotation of citizen participation, ways of citizen participation: including four kinds of direct system of citizen participation, four indirect system of citizen participation and four kinds of non system citizen participation type; the theoretical basis of citizen participation in public decision, the people's sovereignty theory, the new public service theory, the theory of deliberative democracy, including the historical origin of the three theories; significance of citizen participation in public decision: one is to promote the construction of socialist democratic politics: it can not only enhance its legitimacy, but also can promote the scientific and democratic decision-making. Two is to promote the implementation of public decision-making: This is a spur, but also to enhance the acceptance of public policy to enhance the efficiency of the public. Three is to improve the sense of democracy and the rule of law.The second chapter: mainly aims at the present situation, the predicament and the reason analysis of the citizen participation in the public decision-making in our country. First, analyzed the current situation of citizen participation in public decision-making; secondly, expounds the dilemma of citizen participation in public decision-making in China: citizen participation consciousness is not strong, to enhance the participation effect; the level of organization is low, the level of participation is not balanced; participate in the channel is not smooth, the lack of institutional guarantee; network participation is not standardized, participate in the activities of loss order. Again, the reason for our citizens to participate in the reality of the plight of the analysis: the influence of the traditional submissive political culture and Elite Governance Theory; citizen interests expression mechanism is not perfect; the ability of citizen participation and the citizen participation degree is low, the level of network technology and legal literacy needs to be improved.The third chapter mainly elaborates the western developed country status of citizen participation in public decision-making and the enlightenment to our country: one is the citizen participation in the western developed countries from the elite democracy to participate in the transformation of democracy; two of the citizens of western developed countries to participate in public decision-making performance and features: includes various forms of negotiation, outside the hospital lobby, petition and referendum, polls and hearings, and through the analysis of the characteristics of the form of foreign citizen participation in public decision-making; three is the citizen participation in the western developed countries enlightenment of our public decision-making.The fourth chapter: mainly expounds the countermeasures to perfect the citizen participation in public decision-making in China: first, to strengthen civic education, enhance the consciousness of citizen participation: including advocacy with Chinese characteristic political culture of participation, improve the comprehensive quality of citizens, protect the rights of citizens to participate etc.. Secondly, perfect the citizen participation system, realizes the interactive cooperation between government and citizen, specific performance: the perfect government public decision-making system of open government, perfecting the hearing system of public decision-making, strengthen the responsibility of the government public decision-making system. Again, to broaden the channels for participation, enhance the ability of citizen participation, including the establishment of a more perfect benefit expression mechanism, broaden the channels of citizen participation in the network, improve the organization of citizen participation, improve the citizen network participation ability.