The Construction Of International Cooperation System For Fishery Management On The High Sea Of The Arctic Ocean

In the context of climate change,the Arctic sea ice is accelerating to melt,the fish go northward,and the Arctic Ocean has suitable terrain conditions for fishing,in the future the High Sea of the Arctic Ocean may become a new fishing ground.On the one hand,the Arctic region has become the focus of attention of the international community because of the prominent resource advantages.However,due to the lack of governance mechanism,the dispute in the Arctic region is frequent.On the other hand,the global fishery resources are in full or even over-developed tensions.The High Sea of the Arctic Ocean,as the last piece of fishing land on the earth has not yet been developed,must be managed before the development.Geographical properties of the High Sea of the Arctic Ocean and the migratory characteristics of Arctic fish make the relevant countries must cooperate in international to effectively realize the management of the Central Arctic Ocean.First of all,this paper analyzes the necessity of constructing the international cooperation system of the highland fishery management of the Arctic Ocean from the perspectives of the actual needs of the status quo of the high sea fishery of the Arctic Ocean and the prevention of common tragedies of human common property.The fragile Arctic Ocean ecosystem needs to be protected,and the surrounding fishing areas of the Arctic Ocean are facing fisheries ecological crisis.Building an international cooperation system is conducive to easing the contradictions among the countries in the Arctic.And the construction of an international cooperation system is to protect the fishing resources as a common human property,to avoid the commune of the commons and to break the plight of collective action.Secondly,the fishery management international cooperation system has a certain legal basis and organizational basis,the relevant countries and international organizations have the will to carry out international cooperation,the Antarctic waters fisheries management practice can also provide a very useful experience,the author analyzes the feasibility of constructing the international cooperation from the above four aspects.Thirdly,the article analyzes the shortcomings of the existing international system and deep-seated reasons.First,the legal basis is not sufficient,the existing international conventions and documents are not targeted,there is no special application for the Arctic Ocean High Sea regional fisheries agreement.Second,the organizational basis is not perfect,the United Nations Food and AgricultureOrganization,the Northeast Atlantic Commission and the Arctic Council are not suitable for the Arctic Ocean High Sea fisheries management agencies.The deep-seated causes of the shortcomings lie in the particularity of the Arctic’s geographical environment,the unclear prospects for the Arctic Ocean,and the complex geopolitics of the Arctic to bring great challenges to the construction of an international cooperation system.Finally,in view of the above shortcomings,the author proposes to construct the International cooperation system of fishery management as follows:First,the international cooperation direction is to develop an international fishery agreement specifically for the High Sea of the Arctic Ocean.Second,International cooperation requires the principle of Precautionary Principle,Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management and the Principle of non-conflict as a guiding principle and philosophy.Third,the content of international cooperation is mainly concentrated in the technical aspects,sharing of scientific research information and exploring the combination of traditional knowledge and modern science and technology.Fourth,the International cooperation of the organization is to set up a member of the General Assembly.