Dual Embeddedness: A Practical Research On The Distortion Of The Implementation Of Rural Policies

After the reform of the tax system,the state has intensified its efforts to support rural areas,and a series of fostering policies have been imported into villages to try to improve the severe "three rural issues".However,the practice shows that the national policy in the grassroots practice has emerged in the phenomenon of benefit farming policy of migrant workers,and further caused the rural governance "within the volume." By analyzing the literature,it is found that the mechanism of analysis of this problem is mainly from the concept of policy defects,institutional environment,government system,interests and other abstract concepts,the lack of policy practice from the specific process to explore the policy of the implementation of the mechanism of distortion the study.The reason why the process of research,because the "process" is to enter the practice of social phenomenon of the starting point,the practice of social phenomena of the logic of the process is also shown in the event of the event.On the other hand,unlike the basic path of policy making "compliance with social appeal to government decision-making",policy enforcement follows the path from "government to society,top-down",policy enforcement is not dependent on government“but depending on society,is a social construction process”.Therefore,our policy implementation perspective should not only focus on the government system,but also consider the specific situation of the implementation of the policy situation and the field,"concerned about how the policy was built by the community,how can policies be successfully embedded" social structure and network;as well as in the "embedded" specific field is how the mutation and failure.This paper puts forward the explanatory framework of "double embedding" of policy implementation in this paper,which is combined with the current governance structure of "rural government and village governance" in our country.Explain the implementation of the village policy distortion must be from the township and village two main body,starting from its specific operational logic,to explore the national policy in the town of bureaucratic logic and village acquaintance social logic,the policygoal is how to be replaced and how to be a step by step the implementation of distortion,and ultimately the implementation of the policy implementation of the localization and policy of the village.In this paper,"township-village" as a research unit,can overcome the previous study "saw the country but not see the village or see the village but no country" drawbacks.The implementation of the new rural policy in the village of G Township as a case,the specific policy in the township and village under the two different operating logic is how to be deconstructed and realize the policy of the village,and the township bureaucracy logic and local society.The relationship between the logic of practice.The study found that the logic of the interpretation of the policy is "embedded" in the pressure of the township bureaucratic logic,the township in their own lack of capacity,in order to cope with the higher level of assessment pressure had to replace the policy objectives and the release of the opportunity to mobilize the enthusiasm of the village cadres.The Policy implementation to the village,the implementation of its logic is "embedded" in the irregular and non-procedural village endogenous order,the village's power structure,the village cadres of the power of operation(on the rules and local knowledge of the alternate strategy to use),rural The conspiracy between the villagers' identity and the action unit and other factors together affect the effect of policy implementation.In essence,the "double embedding" of the implementation of rural policy is "embedded" to the selfishness of the township,the profitability of the village cadres,the profitability of the villagers' selfish expression structure,and ultimately led to the implementation of the policy of distortion.The More profoundly,the implementation of the village's policy of distortion,reflecting the transition period of China's "national basic power" weakened,the lack of grass-roots penetration capacity.In order to reverse this unfavorable situation,we must not only strengthen the "basic power of the country," the "material strength" and "rule force",more importantly,to re-create the rural public,reshaping the increasingly dilapidated rural "basic order ".Specifically,in the concept,we should continue to carry forward the guiding role of the values ??of socialism,change the service concept of all levels of government;in the system,changethe tax system after the grass-roots government on the higher government tax dependence caused by pressure system and "Tournament system",the establishment of public service quality and popular satisfaction-oriented performance evaluation system;Finally,we should pay attention to the cultivation of local autonomy to organize the villagers to express their wishes,and jointly safeguard the interests of the village.