A Study On The Governance Of Public Universities By The US State Governments

The American higher education system has undergone hundreds of years of development,has a more complete management system,become the focus of the current academic circles.As the runner and regulator of public universities,state governments do not have the traditional sense of vertical management relationship with public universities,but process gradually to co-governance.In the process of development,it always around not only to ensure the effectiveness of state government governance,but also to control governance in a appropriate extent and not infringe university autonomy and academic freedom,and jointly promote social progress.China is in the period of development and transformation of government and universities,and put forward the development vision of building a world-class university.This paper uses the methods of literature analysis,historical analysis and comparative research to study how the US state governments govern public universities.The study thinks that the governance relationship of state governments to public universities is divided into formation,development,consolidation and adjustment.With the changes of the social environment,the governance role of state governments developed from the fuzzy to clear,continued to strengthen,the latter began to weaken.State governments govern public universities mainly through the state higher education management agencies,intervene the board of regents,financial allocations and legal means.As intermediate zone,both state higher education management agencies and the board of regents,not only to reduce the direct intervention of the state government to protect university autonomy,but also to achieve effective governance.Financial allocations are direct means of state governments govern public universities.However,public universities can influence the fiscal policy by realizing the public interest and lobbying activities.In addition,state governments limit and protect public universities by the form of law.The study finds that in the process of the development of governance relations,especially after the rise of governance theory,the characteristics of state government govern public universities appeared the popularization of university autonomy,diversified governance subjects,school-enterprise cooperation,the changing role of state governments.State governments and public universities pursue common interests.At the same time,due to the irrationality of governance,the state governments also face to the plight of "privatization" and"politicization" of public universities,which damages the fairness of education and the quality of education,and affects the university autonomy and academic freedom.Based on the experience and lessons of the US,based on the reality of China,this paper puts forward the five-point policy proposal.We should spread he university autonomy idea,construc the multi-governance subjects,establish the relationship of governance,implement the legal person status of universities,cooperate to develop public service.