Based On The Distribution Of The Ageing Population Old-age Service Facilities In Harbin Spatial Organization And Optimization Research

At present,worldwide population aging degree deepening,the negative effects of aging and stress for regional social and economic development brings serious challenges,more and more become the important social problems facing the world.China as a big country,the number of elderly population is most populous country in the world,in the early days after foundation to control the rapid population growth,for a long time to practise family planning policy,results in the decrease of birth rate quickly,along with the medical level unceasing enhancement,the life expectancy increases year by year,sharply increase the proportion of elderly population,the proportion of the population age structure imbalance,decreases and ageing phenomenon is serious,the rapidly aging population.China is a vast area,population aging process speed on the space and regional differences in the levels of development exist similarities,embodied in the eastern coastal developed areas early into the aging society,the western underdeveloped region into aging society time later.Heilongjiang province as the northeast old industrial base of the special historical reasons to accelerate the speed of the aging process.Harbin is the capital city of Heilongjiang province,its development and change of population structure is representative,existing data indicate that elderly population proportion of Harbin is beyond the international general standards of an ageing population.This paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is introduction,mainly elaborated the paper selected topic background,significance,purpose,research area,the research contents,methods and technical route.The second chapter is related to the core concepts and theoretical basis.Mainly explains the definition of an ageing population and the aging of the standard,the present situation,characteristics and trend;The definition of pension service facilities,types and classification;And location theory,theory of industry evolution,services location choice theory,etc.The third chapter is an ageing population and elderly population spatial distribution characteristics of Harbin.In 2000 and 2010,this paper use the census data,using ArcGIS data analysis software obtained the Harbin city elderly population spatial distribution and the ageing population density spatial distribution,population structure change and the aging process;On the number of elderly population,specific gravity and density spatial distribution is analyzed;Analysis of spatial distribution trend of aging population.The fourth chapter is Harbin city endowment service facilities and spatial distribution.First of all,from the aspects of type,service level,the structure of the scale of pension service facilities configuration is expounded;Second,the use of pension service facilities space distribution of a kernel density method to analyze spatial distribution characteristic of pension service facilities;Finally,the pension service facilities location factors analysis.The fifth chapter is Harbin pension service facilities spatial organization effectiveness and optimization.Mainly includes old-age service facilities of social carrying capacity and the spatial organization and optimization of the old-age service facilities.The sixth chapter is conclusion.This paper concludes:(1)he existing old-age service facilities in Harbin overall less quantity,cannot meet the demands of an ageing population old-age service;(2)in addition to the few large-scale pension service facilities,most of the pension service facilities on a smaller scale,not enough scientific management and operation mode,internal institutions and personnel configuration is not standardized,the low level of service.;(3)different ageing population and pension service facilities space allocation between administrative region difference;(4)social pension services in Harbin bearing capacity is weak,the utilization needs to be improved.