Study On The Development Of Senior Citizens' Aged Services In The Rural Area Of Changle County

In recent years,the aging of China's population has continued to increase.Data from the National Bureau of Statistics: As of the end of 2017,the population of mainland China aged 60 and above was 24.09 million,accounting for 17.3% of the total population.It is currently the country with the most senior citizens in the world.Among them,the problem of rural aging is even more pronounced.According to the "Research Report on the Forecast of the Development Trend of China's Population Aging," published by the Policy Research Office of the State Council in 2013,it shows that the rural population in rural areas is about 167 million,accounting for 65.82% of the total number of elderly people in China.The proportion of elderly people in rural areas has exceeded 18.3%.At the same time,affected by urbanization and family planning,the empty nesting,coreization,and miniaturization of rural households have severely weakened the traditional family pension function,and the demand for socialized elderly care services has become increasingly strong.Institutional pensions are playing an increasingly important role in rural areas.The more important roles are also facing serious challenges.The current demand for institutional care for the elderly in rural areas is huge.However,due to the fact that China's rural elderly institutions are still in the initial stage of development,there are many problems in the institutional planning and construction,management mechanisms,service team construction and other aspects of the system is not perfect,non-standard,etc.Far from meeting the needs of China's current “active aging”,it is particularly urgent to study the elderly care services for rural senior citizens under the current severe pension situation.This article uses literature retrieval,questionnaire surveys and other research methods to take Changle County as an example to systematically and comprehensively summarize the status quo,difficulties and influencing factors of rural elderly care institution development,and proposes to promote the development of elderly care institutions in rural areas.Countermeasures.Through system research,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)Since Changle County entered the aging population society in 2007,the aging of the population has become increasingly serious.As a traditional agricultural county,the aging of the rural population is even more serious.In the period of economic restructuring,affected by urbanization and family nucleation,family endowment is gradually weakening,and institutional pensions are an important support force.It is of great social significance to vigorously develop old-age care institutions in rural areas.(2)The development history of elderly care service institutions for the elderly in Changle County is divided into three phases: The first phase is the initial exploration period(1986-2007).During this period,the number of old-age care institutions for the elderly in rural areas is small and the pension institutions only receive rural “five guarantees” seniors who meet the conditions.The second phase is the period of reform and development(2008-2013).The number of old-age care institutions at this stage has been significantly reduced,and civil affairs departments have reduced or reorganized the old-age care institutions.The third phase is the accelerated development period(2014-present).In order to further improve the quality and standard of supply,Changle County established the Changle County Pension Center in 2014.It will provide centralized support for more than 300 five-guarantee rural residents in the county;it will actively explore the planning and construction of the Rural Welfare Institute.(3)At present,there are three types of rural elderly care institutions in Changle County,which are public privately-owned,civilian office-assisted,and rural happy homes.Among them,the Rural Welfare Institute is a day care center;the care workers in pension institutions are mainly rural women.There is a shortage of nursing staff in the old-age care team and they are old,low in professionalism,and low in cultural standards.The service infrastructure of the old-age care institutions is relatively complete,basically meeting the daily needs of the elderly,and there are professional equipments that are not fully equipped.(4)In Changle County,there are more males in the rural senior population,the age is mainly between 70-79 years old,and the majority of the residents are five-guarantee elderly or physically disabled elderly;There are many services for life care,and medical care and psychological care services are still lacking.(5)An analysis of the satisfaction degree of elderly care institutions in the rural elderly in Changle County indicated that the services of the elderly care institutions in Changle County pay more attention to basic life care,and the services in terms of medical care and psychological comfort are relatively weak.Among them,73.99% of the rural elderly are satisfied with the daily care of the nursing home to meet their basic needs;42.38% of the elderly are satisfied with the medical care and health care services;only 33.21% of the elderly are satisfied with the spiritual comfort service;62.35% of the elderly People are satisfied with the culture and entertainment services provided by the pension institutions.(6)The multi-classified ordinal Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors affecting the satisfaction of aged care institutions in rural areas including individual characteristics,economic characteristics,physical condition variables,family characteristics variables,service quality variables,and institutional management mechanism variables.Among them,the eight variables of senior citizens' education level,economic status,check-in time,self-care ability,intergenerational support,daily care,medical care and health care,and hardware facilities have significantly affected the satisfaction of rural senior citizens with institutional aged care services.(7)According to the analysis of influencing factors,in order to improve the service of aged care institutions in rural areas of Changle County,it is necessary to work together at the institutional level,social level,and government level.At the level of the old-age care organization,it is necessary to improve access standards,comprehensively improve the nursing staff,vigorously develop the combination of medical care and rehabilitation,strengthen institutional pensions,strengthen the humanistic care for institutional pensions,and build a multi-level and diversified service system;the social level should encourage the participation of social capital.Actively cultivate professional nursing talents,and vigorously promote volunteer services;The government needs to actively provide policy support,perform supervision and management,increase capital investment,and vigorously carry forward the culture of respecting the elderly and the elderly;only elderly institutions,the society,and the government actively participate.In solidarity,the elderly care institutions in rural areas in Changle County can get orderly and rapid development.