| The United Nations Peacekeeping Operation,also called Peacekeeping,is one of the important means by which the United Nations aims to create lasting peace conditions for countries in conflict and to move from conflict to peace for conflict-stricken countries.Since the United Nations established the UN Armistice Oversight Organization in the Middle East and the initiation of its first peacekeeping operation in 1948,the UN has carried out 71 peacekeeping operations and has experienced two major development stages.The first stage of peacekeeping operations lasts from 1948 to 1987 and second from 1988 to present.Regarding the research on UN peacekeeping operations,the academic research results focus more on the deployment and results of peacekeeping operations,but they have not paid enough attention on peacekeeping policies and practices of major countries such as the United States,Russia,France,and the United Kingdom.In fact,countries play a significant part in the peacekeeping operations to maintain world peace and stability in the international system composed of sovereign countries.As a founding member of the United Nations and a major power in the world,France has always been a vanguard of peacekeeping operations and has made tremendous contributions to safeguarding world peace.However,after the Cold War,France's participation in UN peacekeeping operations has undergone significant and phased changes.The participation of France in peacekeeping after the Cold War can be divided into three phases: active participation,negative participation,and careful participation.At all stages of peacekeeping,the most obvious change was the number of peacekeeping military personnel dispatched by France.In the active participation phase,the number of French peacekeepers remained at the monthly average of 1,000,but in the negative phase,it decreased to several hundred people per month,and then maintained an intermediate level during the cautious participation phase.The emergence of this situation was mainly affected by favorable and unfavorable factors from both international and domestic sources,such as changes in the international architecture,international security situation,changes in diplomatic relations,and changes in domestic political,economic,and military policies.Among them,based on the basic logic of rational decision-making,when the favorable factors are significantly greater than the unfavorable factors,the characteristics of active participation are more obvious;when the unfavorable factors are significantly greater than the favorable factors,the color of negative participation is more intense;when the favorable and unfavorable factors are relatively flat At that time,careful consideration of participation will be highlighted.Looking ahead,on the one hand,France's participation in UN peacekeeping operations will face new opportunities.The participation of regional organizations or sub-regional organizations in peacekeeping operations has increased,which has increased the opportunities for France to participate in peacekeeping operations.Its peacekeeping space has also been correspondingly expanded.On the other hand,France's participation in peacekeeping operations also faces many challenges,such as international security factors.Complexity,terrorism,and other non-traditional security threats have become increasingly prominent.The three principles of UN peacekeeping operations have been repeatedly questioned and emerging countries have fierce competition in the field of peacekeeping.Finally,the experience of the French peacekeeping experience also lies in the fact that Member States need to strengthen research on issues related to UN peacekeeping operations,and always adhere to the leading position of the United Nations in the process of participation.It is necessary to continuously strengthen cooperation with other regional organizations,and it is necessary to improve relevant Laws and regulations can better participate in UN peacekeeping operations. |
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