Analysis On Population Spatial Pattern And Influencing Factors Of Inner Mongolia Based On Grid GIS

Population spatial distribution is the important factor influencing the relationship between human and land, and is the spatial form of the population. The characteristics and changes of population distribution spatial reflect the population distribution pattern and evolution trend during a period of time, population data grid can integrate various types data better, which products a guiding significance from the policy of population development.The paper used the Inner Mongolia region as the study area, computed characteristics of the population spatial distribution during 2000 to 2013 using GIS spatial analysis method and the GIS grid technology, and conducted grid handling and comprehensive regionalization of population distribution by correlation analysis between indicators (residential density and population density) and natural- human factors (accumulated temperature, annual rainfall, altitude, soil type, land use type, mineral resources, river system, gross domestic product, road network).The main results as follows:(1) The Gini coefficient is 0.87 in 2013 of Inner Mongolia counties. Inner Mongolia population imbalance index were 0.00871,0.00875, 0.00881 and 0.01095, the population concentration index were 0.5844, 0.5881,0.5902 and 0.5881 in 2000,2005,2010 and 2013, respectively. The population spatial distribution of 101 counties is not balanced:the total population were 25.2362 million in 2013, Chifeng has the largest population of 4.6469 million, Alashan has the least population of 186400, the population density was just 21.33 people per square kilometer, More than 300 people per square kilometers of residential density accounted for 2.91% of total area; Population distribution is along with the east of Greater Xingan mountains-the Yinshan mountains-Helan mountain, the north and the west of the boundary with less population, the east and the south with more population.(2) During 2000 to 2013, the number of low population concentration areas is the most in 101 counties of Inner Mongolia, the number of high population concentration areas is the least, including Qingshan, Donghe, Kundu district in Baotou and Jining. The high-value centers of population density include Baotou-Ordos, Hohhot and Jining. The number of Counties of population density increasing rapidly was 50 and 62, average increasing 1.03 and 2.25 people per square kilometer in 2000-2005 and 2005-2010, respectively. The number of the low increasing Counties is 41 as the most, average increasing 0.11 people per square kilometers in 2010-2013. The gravity center population was Xianghuang County from 2000 to 2002, and Huade County from 2003 to 2013, which showed that the gravity center moved to the southwest(3)The correlation coefficient between residential density and accumulated temperature, annual rainfall, altitude, soil type, land use type, mineral resources, river system, gross domestic product (GDP), railway, highway network were 0.609,0.665,0.045,0.561,0.948, 0.947,0.581,0.862,0.581, respectively. Population density have a larger correlation with the human factors, the railway, highway, gross domestic product (GDP) were 0.532,0.418,0.288, and have a smaller correlation with the natural factors, the mineral resources is 0.413 as the largest, the cultivated land is 0.018 as the least. Residential density is a pretty indicator for population distribution.(4) The larger region of population density coefficient in Inner Mongolia included the west Liaohe plain area, the south of Yinshan and Hetao plain region; Population distribution was influenced by many factors, most of the population distributed along the river in the Greater Xingan mountains, the west Liaohe plain area and Hetao plain region; population distributed along the rail network over Hulunbeir plateau and hills; the population distributed in the vicinity of mineral resources over southeastern ofOrdos plateau; population distribution greatly influenced by traffic access degree and policy in the south of Daqingshan mountains; population distribution mainly influenced by traffic access degree and mineral resources in the south of the Greater Xingan mountain areas; less population limited by the terrain over the north of Yinshan mountains, the Greater Xingan mountains and Helan mountain areas; population distribution limited by the soil and the water resources over Bayinnaoer high plain, the north and the west Ordos plateau and the north of Yinshan mountain areas.