Study On The Influence Of Family Backgrounds On Student Engagement

Along with the change of the view on educational quality, student learning and development in the educational process has been heatedly discussed in the field of education, which the evaluation of educational quality has turned to focus on. The change breaks the traditional educational evaluation which focus on students' scores and resources, but on student engagement in the study and development process, it is student-centered evaluation. This research regards student engagement as the measurement tool of student learning and development, which refers to the struggle degree of student initiative and school contributes to improve student initiative. The more student engage, the more they develop. Though many other factors will influence primary school student engagement, family as the first place of primary students' growing up is closely related to the material and spirit environment. Family background usually has more complex and profound influence on primary school students' motion, attitude,behavior and value.Based on previous research and interview, this research uses The Primary School Survey of Student Engagement in Learning and Development and The Primary School Survey of Student Family Background to explore primary school students' engagement and family background in the 9 schools of Hubei, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Anhui province,and finally obtained 844 valid questionnaires. Through SPSS 19.0 and objective and quantitative analysis, we find that family background could explain 32.1% of the difference of primary school student engagement, which means 1/3 of primary school student engagement difference is caused by family background. In regression model,parents' education behavior, father's cultural degree, parent-child relationship, family location, and mother lived together, mother's occupation and parents' relationship has asignificant positive effect on student engagement.Objective aspect is mainly reflected in the influence of family location, social class and family structure. Family location is the microcosmic social environment that affects primary school student engagement, it plays on primary school students' learning and development through the social concept and education resources; Social class background constructs the material and cultural foundation of primary school students' learning and development, it reflects family economic capital, material capital and social capital accumulation, these capital will directly or indirectly become into advantage of primary school students' learning and development through family education and family interactions; Family structure creats the starting point for pupil's learning and living environment, parents' company is the effectively condition of satisfying their pupil's emotional and life needs, dissolving the contradiction and conflicts.Subjective aspect is mainly reflected in the influence of parents' character, family education, family relationships. Parents' character sets up the model and benchmarking of pupil, who will show consistent characteristics, behavior, quality, etc. through the intergenerational transfer; Family education shapes educational atmosphere for pupil,provides needed support and investment; Family relationships builts the psychological atmosphere of pupil's learning and development, which makes full use of family resources through family interactive. In addition, the influence of subjective family background is bigger than objective family background on primary school student engagement, good subjective family background are more likely to be converted into education resources to promote pupils' learning and development, family background contributes to the diversity of the urban and rural primary school students' engagement.And parenting is even more important than words, parents' self-cultivation and action is particularly important to the effect of achieve good family education.So, according to the results, this research puts forward the corresponding measures:Firstly, on the perspective of parents, parenting is more important than words, and shape good family trait; increase support and investment to education, and provide a good family education; improve family interaction, and build a harmonious family atmosphere.Secondly, on the perspective of the policy, coordinate development of urban and rural areas as a whole, narrow the gap between the income of urban and rural residents, and build new countryside; actively promote compulsory education balanced development,and guarantee the balance supply of high quality education resource; focus on the left-behind children, and solve the problem of migrant children's education. Thirdly, on the perspective of schools, strengthen parent-school cooperative, and strengthen parents' participation in education; focus on vulnerable groups, and help them improve student engagement.