A Study Centered On The Comparison Between China's And Japan's Policies For Medical-Nursing Combined Care Mode

China's aging problem is becoming increasingly serious which is embodied in three aspects:the first is longer life expectancy.Most of the elderly people are afflicted with chronic diseases and need a variety of medical and nursing service;the second is that due to the implementation of the one-child policy,family scale is becoming smaller.Young couples are taking increasing pension burden and the traditional family endowment function has severely weakened;the third is China's health care and pension resources shortage and uneven distribution has been a long time.And since implementation of reform and opening up in China,the health policy and pension policy are separated for a long time.Due to the particularity of elderly people,the current situation of medical or pension policy is inconvenient for them.In particular,some old people who are at home or in care institutions cannot get effective treatment in time because of inconvenient transfer or complicated procedures in treatment.Therefore,to solve the problems above,our country has promoted combination of healthcare and pension service actively since 2013 as a response to the aging problem and to speed up the development as one of the main task of the pension services.In November 2015,health and family planning commission and other departments issued "guideline on promoting health and pension combination",emphasizing the importance of advancing medical,clarifying the basic principles and development goal of health and pension combination for the first time,pointing out main tasks of combination of health and pension,making security measures on promoting combination of health and pension from all aspects and requiring all departments to pay more attention to it.In recent years,after trial practice in several provinces and cities,the model has obtained certain achievement.However,the problems emerged in the process cannot be ignored.In our neighboring country,Japan,where the medical,health care and pension service system is relatively more complete,is also promoting the "Medical-Nursing Combined Care Mode" actively.Its implementation,however,is different from our country.Not like China,where health care and pension services are directly combined,Japan first started to implement care insurance system by the way of"two-step" in 2000.Its purpose is to solve the hospitalization problem in society and to improve the nursing institutions' endowment of the elderly by offering a wide range of cares and support services.The care insurance system was reformed in 2012,the essence of the reform is to set up regional integrated nursing system which purpose is to realize the combination of medical and nursing.Going through the service content,health insurance covers institutions such as hospitals,clinics,dental,pharmacy;nursing insurance services include family assistant,day services,and on-call bathing,welfare equipment rental,short-term stay,on-call rehabilitation services.The combination of medical and nursing insurance means on-call diagnosis and on-call nursing.The main function of medical treatment is to cure and the main function of nursing is to improve the quality of the elderly people's life.The combination was a success in both demand and satisfaction.The application number is increasing year by year.The combination of medical and nursing care insurance effectively improved Japan's overall endowment environment providing convenience and medical treatment for the elder people.It also solved the contradiction between supply and demand of the old-age society and nursing problem,improved the life quality of elder people significantly.And between China and Japan,similar situations reside in aspects such as social,cultural,and other similarities.Therefore,Japan's experience is of great significance for China.In this article,by comparing China's and Japan's policy on medical-nursing combined care mode and implementation status,the author analyzed Japan's long-term care insurance mechanism,in order to reflect the problems exist in China.On the one hand,it is beneficial to clarify the responsibilities of the government,helping policymakers analyze the reason why there are many obstacles when promoting the combination,and promoting the policies' effectiveness.On the other hand,it is encouraged for the government,pension institutions and medical institutions to establish a new model regarding responsibilities,right and duty relationship,and also to optimize medical combination mode in order to perfect China's social security system and improve our social welfare.