On Virtue Teaching In Moral Lessons Of Primary School

With the revival of virtue ethics and the importance of our state attaches to the traditional virtues,virtue education has gradually become an important topic in the current educational research.There are an increasing literature discussed the concept of virtue,virtue teaching,and the strategies and paths of virtue education or teaching.However,two problems exist in these studies:one is ignoring the inherent nature of virtue,and mixing it with the general sense of moral education;the second is the lack of empirical studies which attached emphasis on the real classroom teaching experience.In this light,this study based on moral lessons in primary schools,described,explained the process of classroom teaching on the virtues of the theme.After that,the critical reflection and constructive construction of these processes from the point of nature of virtue was made.This study discussed the moral virtues(not the virtues of reason),that is,the moral qualities of excellence.In general,it has four characteristics:supererogation of excellence,relative to their own moderate,highly stable action,multi-track disposition to unity.The "Moral and Social(Trial Version)"(grade 1-5)published by Shanghai Education Publishing House was selected,and the subjects related to virtue were screened and sorted out for analysis through the content analysis method.Then by purposive sampling,17 teachers were selected and their classroom teaching process was observed.The observation focused on the teacher's understanding of the theme of virtue and the teaching methods they used.In the process,we collect the classroom records and the corresponding teaching design,then code,classify,describe and analyze them.This study found that:(1)The theme related with virtue in the primary school"moral and social"accounted for about 35%,mainly involved with gratitude,filial piety,honesty,respect,love collective,patriotism,friendly and harmonious,etc,11 virtues in total.(2)The teacher's understanding of the theme of virtue tends to be defined from the elements of "behavior",generally with the "moral implementation of the action" consciousness;do not do too much distinction between the moral level,and more stay in the "moral obligation" level;The moral thinking of understanding the moral theme presents two tendencies of "result " and "non result";teachers'attention to "related knowledge" is quite different.(3)Teachers commonly used moral teaching methods are instruct,catechism,group cooperation,moral narrative,student experience exchange,less use of fun games,role play,scene experience and other methods.(4)The way of compiling the textbook,the judgments of teachers to student's learning and differences in the understanding of the theme of virtue would affected the virtues of the teaching process.From the nature of virtue itself,the current virtue teaching in moral lessons of primary school still has the following problems.Firstly,the teacher's understanding of the theme of virtue is located in the moral level of obligation,not concerned about the supererogation moral level of virtue,and ignore the two association.Secondly,teachers are concerned about the importance of action,but the action is simplified as"doing" things,rather than a wise participation and emotional sensitivity of the"deliberate and prudent" action.Thirdly,the teacher set the problem situation is not enough conflict or lack of dilemma elements.Fourthly,moral narratives become a simple moral didactic or instill of moral rules,undermine the unity of the disposition of virtue.Not only that,the virtues in the classroom can be taught,there is connotation,degree,time and space limits.To overcome these problems,to break through this limit,to better help students to learn virtue,we need to pay attention to through a complete moral narrative rationality to convey the virtue in virtue teaching,with the conflict situation to promote the development of student moral judgments,and provide more a variety of practical opportunities.