A Study On The Design And Child-Care Practice Of Indoor Area Physical Activities In The Perspective Of Health Risk

In recent years,due to the frequent occurrence of PM2.5 pollution in Shanghai,kindergarten teachers generally organize children to carry out indoor area physical activities,but less consider whether children in the indoor exercise can effectively avoid the adverse effects of PM2.5.In this study,we took kindergarten A in Shanghai as an example,and conducted an examination of the concentration of PM2.5 in the indoor and outdoor areas before children exercise,and evaluated the health risk of exposure to indoor PM2.5 during the indoor area physical activities,and investigated the child-care concept and practice.On this basis,we try to provide a reference for the improvement of indoor area physical activities' curriculum design and child-care practice.This study is divided into three sub-studies.The results in study I showed that the concentration of PM2.5 in the indoor and outdoor kindergartens was measured by field measurement,and then the correlation between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Then,calculated the ratio of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration,and investigated the concentration of PM2.5 in the indoor and outdoor places.On the basis of study I,we carry out study II.First,the trend of indoor PM2.5 concentration in the period of early childhood exercise was summarized.The health risk of exposure to indoor PM2.5 during the indoor area physical activities was evaluated by human body exposure evaluation model and CARS coding,and the relevant influencing factors were analyzed.Finally,from the perspective of health risk of PM2.5,we can select indoor area physical activities for kindergarten.In study III,we used the interview method to understand the awareness of the child care and education staff on the health risk of PM2.5 during indoor area physical activities and the Child-care practice to reduce the health risk.The non-parametric test was used to verify the effect of the Child-care practice.The results showed that:(1)The concentration of PM2.5 in indoor and outdoor was significantly correlated,and generally the concentration of PM2.5 in indoor lower than that in outdoor,but the concentration of PM2.5 in indoor was higher than that in outdoor area when severe pollution.(2)During the period of indoor area physical activities,the indoor PM2.5 concentration has two characteristics:first,the concentration of PM2.5 fluctuations in the moderate and severe pollution are greater than that in the mild pollution;Second,show the trend which fluctuation range from large to small in different stages of activities and the concentration from high to low.But during this period,the health risks of young children are in the acceptable range.The characteristics of children and sports have significant effects on PM2.5 health risk.Children with lower exercise intensity,or those with shorter exercise duration,have lower PM2.5 health risk.Therefore,indoor sports programs with low-intensity or short duration are suitable as kindergarten indoor area physical activities.(3)The awareness of the child care and education staff on the health risk of PM2.5 during indoor area physical activities is not deep,The actual effect of child-care practice such as the opening of windows and the use of air purifiers is not ideal.Finally,based on the perspective of the health risk of PM2.5,the paper puts forward some suggestions from three aspects:relevant policy,curriculum design of kindergarten indoor area physical activities,child-care concept and practice of child care and education staff.