A Study On The Population Policy Of China 's Crossing The Middle-income Trap

In 2010,China's per capita national income reached 4340 US dollars,the World Bank was designated as high-income countries.In recent years,China's economic growth slowed down,economic development into the adjustment of the conversion period,the original human resources advantages continue to disappear,the proportion of working-age population decreased,accelerated population aging,human capital accumulation and other issues Has become increasingly prominent,so that China exists into the "middle income trap" the possibility.To this end,it is necessary to theoretically explore the relationship between human capital,population age structure,Migration and "middle income trap",and analyze the problems faced by population development under the current policy on the formation of obstacles across the "middle income trap" And then proposed to cross the "middle income trap" of the population policy adjustment direction.Economic development into the middle income stage,the accumulation of human capital will help to improve the total factor productivity,and through innovation and R&D play a significant role in economic growth;the proportion of working age population is high but slow down,through the savings rate and capital marginal efficiency Gradually weakening the contribution to economic growth,deepening the aging of the population through the lack of consumption,the decline in labor force participation rate on the adverse effects of economic growth;and urbanization is conducive to optimal allocation of resources to ease the income distribution gap and promote the improvement of total factor productivity.Overall,the acceleration of human capital accumulation,moderate population urbanization will have a positive impact on the "middle income trap",the reduction of labor supply and the aging of the population will increase into the "middle income trap" risk.China's existing family planning policy,labor market segmentation policy,human capital investment,urbanization strategy and the old-age insurance system,these policies in the implementation process,the population development has formed an important impact,including reduced labor supply,population age Structural aging,the problem of employment discrimination,lack of human capital accumulation,incomplete urbanization,old-age insurance income and expenditure imbalance and affect the redistribution of low-income people lead to lack of equity,etc.,these problems become China's "middle income trap" The obstacles.In view of the obstacles to the formation of population under the current policy,this paper argues that the fertility policy should be adjusted in order to improve the population age structure in order to promote the optimal allocation of labor resources as the goal to adjust the employment policy.Improve the ability to innovate as the goal to promote human capital investment,large cities and urban agglomerations as the main body to promote new urbanization,to promote fairness as the goal to actively promote the pension insurance system reform.