The Presentation Analysis Of The Scientific Methods In Chinese High School's Biology Compulsory Textbooks

The scientific method of education receives more and more attention at home and abroad,Mastering the scientific method plays an important role in lifelong learning.The contents and ways of the scientific method in textbooks directly affect the teachers'activities which carry out the scientific method education and the students' learning and understanding of scientific methods.In this study,I use literature method,content analysis method and comparative research method as research methods,and select four sets of high school biology compulsory textbooks which are published from People's Education Press,Jiangsu Phoenix Education Press,Beijing Normal University Press,Zhejiang Science and Technology Publishing House as objects of study,analysis the scientific methods in Chinese high school's biology compulsory textbooks.On the basis of researching scientific method theory,I analyze the presentation mode and the characterization mode of scientific methods in four sets of high school biology compulsory textbooks.First of all,analyzing the presentation mode of scientific methods,I divide the content of high school biology compulsory textbooks into two parts:the text and the columns,and then subdivide the columns into activities and information,exercises section according characteristics of textbooks' content.I Sort out and count columns which appear scientific methods,qualitative and quantitative analysis presentation mode's characteristics of the scientific method in four sets of high school biology compulsory textbooks.Secondly,referring to the scientific method evaluation scale which developed by American scholar Ian C.Binns,qualitative and quantitative analysis characterization mode of the scientific method in four sets of high school biology compulsory textbooks,In the end,some suggestions are put forward from the aspects of teacher 's teaching,curriculum design and textbooks' writing,and the countermeasures are discussed.The results of this study are as follows:1.Chinese four sets of high school biology compulsory textbooks highlight the scientific method of education mainly through the activities of columns,they pay more attention to the cultivation of students' scientific inquiry ability through the classroom or extracurricular activities.The activity column referring to scientific methods has the highest proportion in four sets of high school biology compulsory textbooks;The class and number of the activity column in People's Education Press is the largest,followed by Beijing Normal University Press,Jiangsu Phoenix Education Press,Zhejiang Science and Technology Publishing House,People's Education Press,Zhejiang Science and Technology Publishing House carry out scientific methods of education mainly through classroom activities;Jiangsu Phoenix Education Press and Beijing Normal University Press arrange more extracurricular activities than the other two versions,reflecting Jiangsu edition and Beijing Normal University edition focus on cultivating the students'extracurricular inquiry ability and the ability of independent innovation.2.Focusing on the scientific method of each section textbook is basically the same,compulsory 1 focuses on experimental and observational method,compulsory 2 focuses on hypothesis-deduction method,mathematical method,compulsory 3 focuses on model method,survey method;the same scientific methods in four sets of textbooks are presented in different ways,columns also have their own characteristics,People's Education Press and Jiangsu Phoenix Education Press arrange the column that manifest scientific method,Beijing Normal University Press,Zhejiang Science and Technology Publishing House would be scientific methods to penetrate the contents of the various columns.3.The characterization mode of scientific methods has the characteristics of mixed characterization,which is mainly based on the traditional scientific method,emphasizing the importance of experiment.Although the four sets of textbooks have referred to the diversity of scientific methods in scientific inquiry,scientific methods have not received sufficient attention in the textbooks.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to scientific methods.Teachers need to carefully analyze the scientific method in textbooks,fully tap the elements of the scientific method,and learn from each other advantages of the various versions of the textbook,flexibility to choose teaching strategies which carry out experiments and research activities.When designing courses and textbooks,we need further systematic planning for the development of scientific knowledge and scientific methods,strengthening the scientific method,avoiding aging and old views of scientific method.