Spatial Differentiation And Social Integration Of Urban Communities From The Perspective Of Social Process

Over the past decade,under the background of rapid urbanization in China,with the space production as the core goal,space transformation as the main technical means,incremental urban planning has made outstanding contributions for urban economic development.However,with the continuous reform of the social system,the social space into the transition period,the city has changed from the dual social structure of the planned economy to the multi-social structure with the characteristics of the market economy,and the social problems of the urban space have become increasingly prominent.At the same time,globalization,division of labor,geographical characteristics,individual behavior and other factors play an increasingly important role in the process of urban development,urban space began to appear obvious differentiation.Spatial segregation,social exclusion and other urban social problems has gradually become the focus of urban construction and research.As the only fully urbanized administrative area in Chongqing,Yuzhong District is the first to face the problem of urban city function adjustment and spatial reconstruction.Based on this,this paper chooses the Hualongqiao Xintiandi area and its resettlement area,which is the largest old city reconstruction project in Yuzhong District of Chongqing,as the research object,observes the spatial change and social change of the area from the social process perspective,examines the development and the dynamic mechanism of spatial differentiation and social integration,and use the quantitative method to analyze and evaluate the community integration,summarize the interaction between the two things,so as to explore the planning and policy strategy.This paper focus on research problem,defining the core concept,establishing the research framework,and combing domestic and overseas research results of spatial differentiation and social integration,recognizing the lack of attention to social consequence and the necessity of local evidence in spatial differentiantion,social integration focuses more on the integration of immigrants and less on the integration of the city.In the empirical research level,firstly,from the perspective of spatial process,the paper analyzes the dynamic mechanism of government and developers,interprets the government changing thought from the project to the region,the different spatial results of the developers' common development mode and community operation,then sums up the existence of three spatial differentiation phenomenons: spatial differentiation of living space,implicit differentiation of infrastructure,and hierarchical succession of spatial differentiation.Secondly,from the perspective of social process,the paper constructs the social integration measurement index system,and obtains the basic data by random sampling questionnaire and in-depth interview method.The social integration degree of the two communities is evaluated and compared by factor analysis method.There are four kinds of social integration phenomenons: the individual attributes of different residents will have different forms of social integration;community social neighborhood social integration;administrative forces to promote social integration;and Xintiandi unique foreigners' social integration.Based on the above two different perspectives,this paper puts forward the positive and negative effects between spatial differentiation and social integration.The positive effect is manifested in: multi-level types space enhance community heterogeneity;multiple functions provide more types of communication sites;spatial boundaries strengthen resident community identity.Negative effect is manifested as: closed space becomes a physical barrier for social integration;excessive commercial space becomes a psychological threshold for social integration.Finally,the research proposes measures from spatial planning and public policy: space planning of land use should be in smaller scale as a prerequisite to promote establishing more rational and open public space;public policy should encourage and nurture community organizations,introduce community planners to help the community to develop,so as to build a community society with cohesion,identity,harmony and order.