The Study On Physical Exercise Behavior And Change Of College Students Based On The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)

Objective:This study was conducted to survey the physical exercise of college students in Shanxi,starting from different stages of physical exercise based on the HAPA.The main objective of this study is to formulate effective measures to promote college students' physical exercise behavior and provide a reference basis for the intervention study.Methods:The students of Taiyuan University of Technology,Shanxi Medical University,Shanxi University,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Shanxi Normal University in grade 2012-2015 in Shanxi Province were investigated by using the method of Cluster Random Sampling.There were 932 questionnaires available.The data were analyzed by EpiData3.1 and SPSS20.0.The measurement data were expressed by Mean and Standard Deviation.The comparison of frequency between samples using chi square test.Two samples were compared using independent samples t test,multiple samples were compared using one-way ANOVA.Results:The results of study showed that college students took part in physical exercise 1-2 times per week had the highest percentage,all above 49.4%,and the average amount of time each exercise for half an hour to an hour.The stages distribution of college students' physical exercise behavior was inverted U shape on the whole which had a left peak.The number of college students in the intention stage were the most,accounting for 32.5%,followed by the preparation stage,the action stage and the maintenance stage at least.And only the number of gender in different stages had significant differences(P<0.001).There were significant differences in the total score of physical exercise attitude between different universities(F=3.392,P<0.01),as well as different stages of behavior(F=46.836,P<0.001).Different universities(F=3.944,P<0.01),gender(F=2.423,P<0.05)and different stages of behavior(F=31.296,P<0.001)of college students,whose score differences of physical exercise change program were statistically significant.Conclusion:The physical exercise attitude of college students with a high score were positive,but the scores of the sense of behavior control and subjective standards were lower.The students of Taiyuan University of Technology were more active in physical exercise,while the students of Shanxi Normal University and Shanxi University of Finance and Economics were relatively poor in physical training.Compared with girls,boys were more active in participating in physical exercise,and had stronger ability to express the potential results and control the situation of exercise behavior.From the different stages of behavior,the physical exercise attitude of college students in the action stage was significantly better than that in the pre-intention stage and the intention stage.The physical exercise attitude of college students in the maintenance stage was significantly better than the first 4 stages.With progressive of exercise stage,the physical exercise behavior of college students in the action stage and the maintenance stage were better than the students in the pre-intention and intention phase,the confidence participating in physical exercise and the ability to assess the exercise effect were stronger.Therefore,it is necessary to fully consider the influence factors of physical exercise,such as the gender,grade,university,individual behavioral and psychological characteristics of college students,during the intervention of physical exercise behavior.To improve the enthusiasm participating physical exercise of college students and enhance their physical health in the joint efforts of school and individuals.