Empirical Analyses On Effects Of Education And Training On Migrant Workers' Income And Citizenization

A group of migrant workers is a new type of labor force with the industrialization and urbanization in China,and is also a special social group in the new period.Although migrant workers work and live in the city,they have a gap with the public on economic income,social status and quality of life.Therefore,based on the mark benefits of education and training and non-mark effects of education and training,it is of both theoretical and realistic significance to study how to effectively improve the level of migrant workers' income and citizenization through education and training so that they could truly integrate into the cities and share the achievements of the urban reform and development.Under the above background,this paper combed the related literature,and then collected data from the migrant workers working in Suzhou via questionnaires and interviews,using software of SPSS 18.0,AMOS 21.0 and STATA10.0 for analyses.First of all,this paper conducts a comprehensive study on education and training of migrant workers.Then,empirically research the effect of education and training on migrant workers' income by the extensive Mincerian Income Equation.Finally,constructs the index system of migrant workers' citizenization,measure the level of it and explore the effect of education and training on it.The following three conclusions have been made.Firstly,most migrant workers have low education levels but show a strong demand for further education and training.However,due to the lack of environmental support,cognitive negativity,lack of information and other subjective and objective reasons,the current situation is not optimistic.Secondly,in terms of rate of return on education and training of migrant workers,the effect of education and training on migrant workers' income is positive,while the net rate of return on training that is 10.8% is significantly higher than on education that is 5.8%;education and training could jointly improve migrant workers' income growth;the rate of return on education of migrant workers shows a non-linear increasing trend with the rise of education level,and the rate of return on training gradually lifts with the education level.Thirdly,in terms of citizenization of migrant workers,this paper is divided into four dimensions of citizenization will,economic life,social relations,and political participation;migrant workers' citizenization is middle level,but there is uneven development in different dimensions;education and training has significantly positive effects on citizenization and its dimensions,but less impact on political participation;the positive effect of school education is stronger than training,but the level of citizenization will ascend along with the level of education to improve for some migrant workers of high school and above level of,which does not include political participation;and training experiences have positive effects on citizenization in different degree.The last part of this paper puts forward four policy suggestions.Firstly,develop school education and improve the education level of migrant workers.Secondly,promote training project of migrant workers to make up for the lack of early human capital.Thirdly,integrate the “two-way channel” of education and training,and improve the education and training system.Guide migrant workers to carry out self-education and self-development,and enhance self-efficacy.