A Comparative Study Of Middle School Biology Teaching Materials Between China And American

Talent's training is the key to education,and basic education is the Foundation-laying project to enhance the National Quality and cultivate the Top Talent.Stepped in the new century,the curriculum reform of basic education in various countries has been deepened,and teaching materials as a specific form of the curriculum,its reform efforts and depth was particularly evident.As the number one country in the world today,its school education is at the forefront of the world,its structure and content of the teaching materials,to a certain extent,can also reflect the trend and standard of the development of the world teaching materials.Therefore,the comparative study of middle school biology teaching materials between China and American will help us to learn from the advantages and characteristics of American teaching materials,and then provide reasonable and effective suggestions for the reform of basic education curriculum and the optimization of biology teaching materials.In this paper,we grasped the basic background of deepening curriculum reform in China and American,learning from domestic scholars and experts' research results on Chinese and American mainstream secondary school biology teaching materials;Choosing the Chinese and American mainstream middle school biology teaching materials as a breakthrough point;Combining quantitative(mainly show in graphic form)and qualitative methods of analysis.Firstly,we made a comparative discussion of the "curriculum standards" in the macro-level,and then on this basis,expanded detailed comparison study on the" three levels" content(Include:"knowledge","ability","thought")and a "extended learning" content,in the micro-level of charts and text,Which respectively involved the analysis and discussion on:Writing of textbook,practical activities,thought penetration and expansion of learning.Finally,we found out the respective advantages and characteristics of the China and American middle school biology teaching materials.The advantages of Chinese "biology”:1.Curriculum objectives and learning objectives are hierarchically and clearly positioned;Strong systematic and highly relevant curriculum content.2.The text of the preceding introduction is designed with ingenious ideas;Drawing types of pictures(cartoon-based)are skillful,also in soft colors,and highly integrated with the page.3.The practical activities of teaching materials focus on the experimental exploration with rigorous and logical thinking.4.Emphasizing the STS education thoughts with a variety of"Science ·Technology·Society"columns;Vocational education meets the needs of different character students;Life science history education takes typical people as a model,continuous comics as a supporting form,focusing on the influence of the thought and spirit;Environmental education combines the cultivation of students' love of nature.5."Small information"text box is attached to the side of the text,to facilitate the timely expansion of learning.The characteristics of American "Scientific Explorer":1.Before the development of standards,there are sufficient research activities;the process requires the participation of all parties(especially the "third-party").2.The important thinking of curriculum standards is implemented in the process of knowledge learning,which includes two core strengths:"logically Concept Learning" and "rich and varied practical activities".Taking the Disciplinary Core Ideas as the mainline,Crosscutting Concepts as the broadening and integration of scientific knowledge in horizontal dimension,and combined with,Scientific and Engineering Practices.It is like a 3-stranded rope intertwining with each other,and ultimately formatting a three-dimensional "science education" rope.With the help of Learning Progressions to achieve continuous learning in vertical dimension,Through a variety of practical activities to promote the development of students' ability to understand step by step.Finally,Achieving the ultimate goal which is to help students build a correct understanding of the natural and the real world.3.A relatively increase in the breadth and depth of knowledge,the degree of openness of practical activities,the depth of the exploratory research.4.The edit of textbook focus on the comprehensive of curriculum,and the issue of the detail and design;5.The practice in teaching materials is rich and varied,clearly classified,also with a clear purpose,and emphasized on safety education activities.6.The form of thought penetration is very novel and unique,and focusing on the excavation of a single column;Interdisciplinary study covers a wide range,with particular emphasis on the application of mathematics and practice.7.The internet resources of extensive learning is rich,varied and systematic.The content of reference material is comprehensive,and clearly classified.The results show,whether in the macro level of curriculum standards,or in the micro-level of teaching materials,there is a clear gap between China and American.1.Early stage research on the preparation of curriculum standards is insufficient,and the preparation process cannot be "parties involved".2.The degree of refinement of the curriculum objectives is not enough,the content of curriculum is "thin",and language is vague.Core idea of the curriculum lags behind the latest international research results;3.The important concept of the text is not prominent,and the training intensity is inadequate.The details of the text's edit is not enough,and the depth and difficulty of knowledge needs to be improved.4.The number of practical activities is too small,the openness and depth of exploration is not enough,and lack of attention to the safety of activities.5.Part of the column of thought penetration still need deeper digging,and pay more attention to the link between science and technology and real life.6.The number of internet resources is too small,the form is very simple,classification is unclear,not systematic enough,and the content of reference material is insufficient.Therefore,the author suggests that in the consolidation and maintenance of the advantages of"biology" teaching materials,we should take actively learning from the characteristics of "Science Explorer" teaching materials,which involves curriculum standards,the preparation of textbooks,the design of practical activities,and the penetration of thought these five areas.