Research On Evaluation Of Ecosystem Services Value Of Based On The Land-Use Change

As one of the nature's fundamental ecosystem,ecosystem provides a range of products and services for human survival and development.However,in recent years,with the influence of population growth and the rapid development of industrialization,urbanization and other factors,the wetland area and its function has decreased and degenerated.The evolution for wetland ecology has become a research hotspot.The land use change of the region has an obvious effects on wetland ecology which the natural wetland ecological system gradually evolved into the artificial ecosystem.Therefore,the value of ecosystem services has become an important indicator for the sustainability of ecosystems and the optimal allocation of land resources.The study on the dynamic feedback interaction between land use and ecosystem services value,which will promoted policy-makers to develop proper land use policy,to plan rationaly the layout of the land resources,and maintain the sustained development of the wetland ecosystem.In recent years,domestic and foreign scholars have a deep study on the value of ecosystem services,primarily to assess the value at static condition,and more focused on the evaluation of large scale,such as at the national level or the river basin.However,it really needs dynamic simulation and assessment for the specific research on small-scale wetland protection area.In this paper,based on RS and GIS tools,which taken Shengjin Lake wetland as study area,TM imagery and the latest land survey data as the basic source of information in 1986,1995,2000,2004 and 2011,that tries to analyze the process of land use dynamic changes,build the service value system of Shengjin Lake wetland ecosystem,and explore the dynamic changes.In addition,the paper will select a number of factors which have a direct or indirect influence on the changes of ecosystem services by using correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process.The results show that:1)Overall,the land use change of Shengjin Lake was faster in nearly 25 years,which integrated land use dynamic degree up to 0.72%,including construction land and unused land maximum dynamic changes were 3.88% and 6.45%.2)During the 1986-2011 years,the transfer amount was dominated by the change of farmland to woodland,woodland area increase mainly from the transfer of farmland and unused land,and the summed land area accounts for 40.51%.The area of garden plot increased from 1.89 hm2 in 1986 to 931.5 hm2 in 2011,the main source of the increase from the transfer of farmland,accounting for about 77.82% of the total area of the garden.It was closely related to accelerate the transformation of the pattern of agricultural production,which established the diverse mode of agricultural production in Shengjin Lake area.The farmland area decreased by 13.81%,on the one hand the conversion reflects the land resources utilization mode of diversification and human intervention is more obvious;on the other hand,garden plot and construction land's rolled-in area is significantly greater than the rolled-out.3)Water regulation,that the waste treatment ecosystem services value always ranked in the top two of ecological services in 25 years,including the period 1986-2000,was rapidly on the rise,a sharp decline in the period 2000-2004,a slow rise in the period 2004-2011.The ecosystem service function of raw materials,maintenance of biodiversity,soil formation,gas regulation was decreased gradually,the upward trend.Furthermore,science and culture,leisure and entertainment's tended to rise,other ecological service value decreased in 25 years.4)Shengjin Lake which as Waterfowl wintering waterbirds diversity,the decline reflects the diversity of the downward trend in migration routes of birds.According to the statistical data of waterfowl nearly 11 years,compared with the 2003-2005 statistics maximum,in recent years,geese,swans significantly reduced,bean goose,white-fronted goose,Eurasian spoonbill increased significantly,and ducks also show a downward trend.No significant change in the total number of waterfowl,because of the huge increment of bean goose and white-fronted geese has offset the reduction,but Shengjin Lake's waterfowl diversity has shown a downward trend.For Shengjin Lake,the factors that affect the amount and distribution of waterfowl in addition to water,as well as food,competition and human disturbance,linkages between these factors together determine the distribution of waterfowl.5)Considering of those factors that include the larger area and lesser disturbance by human in winter of Shengjin Lake,the most suitable areas provide birds to easily prey and reproduction.And it is not difficult to see that the most suitable area accounted for 33.12% of the area of the largest proportion.The suitability of the area reached 29.9%,mainly near the lake's buffer zones,which possess an appropriate habitat conditions.Sub suitable area reached 30.26%,including some of paddy fields,woodland,upland and other land which easily affected by human activities,so its habitat conditions is general.Besides,non-suitable area accounting for 6.72%,mainly influenced by human activities and include a low coverage for bird activity.