The Problems And Countermeasures Of The Employment Of Landless Peasants In China

Urbanization is the inevitable product of industrialization and social economic development, also is the inevitable way to achieve social modernization. In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization process in China, a lot of agricultural land has been changed to non-agricultural land, and thus the number of landless peasants surge. As a typical traditional agricultural country, we have a large number of farmers, with low educated level and little other skills. What’s more, most of them have quite low employment enthusiasm influenced by traditional thinking. So, it is undoubted that they are significantly disadvantaged in the increasingly fierce competition for jobs. At the same time, due to the lag of China’s current land policies, mechanisms and management, they often become “three noes”farmers, saying no land for farming, no opportunities for jobs and no guarantee for subsistence allowance. While losing their land, they have to live in the urban fringe as new vulnerable groups. The issue of landless peasants has become a major risk related to the development of economy and social stability. Whether landless farmer problems can be effectively solved or not, the key is the employment of landless farmers. Successful employment is the fundamental way to provide source of income for living, and is a top priority to solve the problem of landless farmers.Furong District, with the reputation of “Sanxiang first region”, is located in the central region of Changsha. In recent years, with further enhancement the level of urbanization, especially the vigorously development of Liuyang River and Longping District, many land has been requisitioned, many houses have been demolished, and thus the number of landless farmers have a great increase. Due to the price difference between the actual market value of the land and its requisition compensation, accompanying with the government’s negligence, it has caused great damage to the interests of landless farmers. A large number of farmers lose their land, changing from farmers to non-farmers. However, affected by the urban and rural social structure, they have not enjoyed the same treatment of other citizens, but being marginalized into “three noes” farmers. Since the interests of landless farmers, the government as well as real estate developers have not been sufficiently coordinated, mass conflicts have increased in recent years due to the resettlement compensation and unemployment problems, which has impeded the development of rural economy of Furong District and also affected the urban and rural social stability. It is of benefit to launch a detailed investigation and explore effective strategies and methods for solving the unemployment problem of landless farmers. We must guarantee the rights of landless farmers while strengthening urban construction, trying to build a harmonious society.In this paper, a more comprehensive analysis of the current overall situation of landless farmers in China is presented. On this basis, the paper analyzes the employment situation of landless farmers in Furong District of Changsha on detailed investigation, focusing on the disadvantage of farmers on job-hunting, lack of initiative, difficulties for starting a business, as well as loss of democratic rights and interests. By studying settlements of landless farmers’ employment from domestic and foreign cases, a series of measures to solve the employment problem of landless farmers in Furong District are presented. First of all, the government should create a good employment environment; secondly to ease the pressure on employment of landless farmers, improve their employment abilities, and wide the employment channels; finally, we should improve the social security system of landless farmers.