The Game Analysis Of Low Carbon Supply Chain Collaboration In Emission Reduction Research And Development

With the rapid development of low carbon economy, reducing CO2 emissions has become the consensus of the world. Since 12th Five-Year, the contradiction between economic & social development and resources & environmental constraints has become increasingly prominent in China, it is increasingly urgent to adjustment of industrial structure and transformation of economic development mode to energy saving and emission reduction. Who holds the technology of energy conservation environmental protection low carbon, who has mastered the commanding heights of science development. For the enterprise is even more so. Most of China's enterprises are mainly to small or medium-sized, facing a series of practical difficulties such as high cost and high risk, leading to shortage of emission reduction R & D. To achieve energy-saving emission reduction targets, improve the use of emission reduction technology, Such as conch group and the upstream of the supply chain enterprises cooperative R & D,using pure low temperature waste heat power generation technology, implementation of CO2 emission reducing the amount of 6.8 million tons in 2013. However, under the background of low carbon economy development, cooperative R & D in the supply chain is not only affected by the internal decision-making, but also indirectly guided by the external carbon emission reduction measures. Carbon tax, carbon trading pilot will also have a significant impact on the supply chain R & D. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the optimal reduction of the supply chain in the internal and external environment.In order to realize the "new normal" energy saving and emission reduction targets, this paper takes the environmental economics as the foundation, and uses the related methods of operational research optimization and game theory,studies the policy to stimulate the supply chain cooperation in R & D to reduce carbon emissions, to achieve a higher energy saving and emission reduction targets. In order to answer the above questions, this part is divided into three parts.Firstly, we analyze the influence of enterprise's management decision on the cooperative research and development in the supply chain. The supply chain is consist of one supplier and one manufacturer, to establish three models no emission reduction R & D?Manufacturers alone R & D and supplier and manufacturer cooperation in R & D.By comparing the equilibrium results of the three models,we find that Cooperation in R & D is greater than the emission reductions when R & D, cooperative research and development of enterprise profit maximization. Secondly, the establishment of the government to levy a tax on carbon supply chain emission reduction R & D three model, in accordance with the "China's carbon tax tax system framework design" tax rate range, by numerical simulation analysis proved that:the optimal government to levy a tax on carbon reduction displacement is greater than not to impose a carbon tax of optimal emission reductions; a reasonable carbon tax rate not only to promote the optimal emission reductions to reach the maximum value, and is conducive to the development of supply chain cooperation. Finally, we studied the effects of carbon quota and trading on the supply chain coordination emission R & D. Through the analysis of the results of the second part, it shows that carbon trading is more helpful to stimulate the supply chain collaboration.Supply chain cooperation and emission reduction research and development is the most important form of enterprise technology innovation in the solution of carbon emissions. To achieve the supply chain cooperation in R & D, enterprise how to make price decision, emission reduction investment decision? How can the government make a reasonable tax rate? How to regulate the price of carbon trading market? These studies are of great practical significance.