Analysis Supply Chain Emission Reductions When The Retailer Using Contract Under Carbon Tax

In recent years, frequent fog and haze weather cover most residential areas throughout our country, the abnormal phenomenon also become a hot topic and most people pay more attention to it, like environment deterioration and low carbon life etc.,and the high pollution and high energy consumption industries cause a sustained impact on the environment contribute to China's air pollution. We are facing a severe challenge which is a threat to our world because of excessive emissions of CO₂, and most countries have taken some measures in response to the environmental problems. To address climate change, promoting energy conservation, low carbon green economy is a long-term strategic task. It is important for the government to promote energy-saving emission reduction and develop low-carbon technology which is the key to Chinese environment. So Manufacturers cannot ignore the impact of low carbon which can affect the normal operations.In theoretical research, the related literature mainly on a single vendor who considers to maximize profits under different carbon emission constraints and vendors in the different supply chain to make the optimal production decision in carbon emissions and other issues. Few literature research study reducing carbon emissions through the enterprise cooperation, and improving supply chain members to participate in energy conservation initiative, and members of the supply chain to achieve a win-win situation in certain circumstances. Based on the background above, using related theory and methods of decision optimization, considering the structural characteristics of the supply chain, the impact of supply chain cooperation model, carbon taxes and consumer awareness of low-carbon and other factors on business decisions, study on quantitative model research from the perspective of the enterprise supply chain collaboration.First considering a supply chain contains a manufacturer and a retailer, the retailer uses cost sharing contract to share part cost of manufacturers emission reduction to promote the supply chain emissions reduction, comparison and analysis of decentralized supply chain, the retailer using cost sharing contract and cost sharing contract he retailer using under Nash bargaining model. In this part, the equilibrium solutions of price, perunit carbon emissions and profits were obtained, the study found that under the manufacturer's unit carbon emissions the cost sharing and cost-sharing under Nash bargaining model less than that under decentralized supply chain, and when retailers cost-sharing rate identified by Nash bargaining the manufacturer's unit carbon emissions is lowest, in addition, when the retailer use cost sharing contract manufacturers of equilibrium profit is more than that in decentralized supply chain. Finally, analyze low carbon emission reduction cost coefficient how to impact manufacturers and retailers' equilibrium profit through numerical analysis.Then study the manufacturer's production and carbon reduction strategies and the impact on the supply chain emissions when retailers use revenue sharing contract, get the retailer and the manufacturer's optimal production strategy under the retailer using revenue sharing contracts and revenue-sharing contract when Nash bargaining model, comparative analysis per unit of carbon emissions and the equilibrium profit under the former two model and non-cooperation with the decentralized supply chain manufacturers, the study found manufacturers' carbon emissions reduce when retailers use revenue sharing contract, in addition, the revenue sharing ratio recognized through Nash bargaining, manufacturers unit carbon emissions less than that simply using the revenue-sharing contract, but the retailer's profit is reduced.Finally, comparative analysis of the low-carbon supply chain's equilibrium profit and unit carbon emissions under different contracts, from the perspective of the total supply chain profits, revenue-sharing contract is better, from the perspective of units carbon emissions, supply chain carbon emissions is lowest under revenue sharing contract in Nash bargaining model, when coefficient of carbon reduction cost is lower, supply chain carbon emissions under revenue-sharing contract is less than that under the costsharing contract in Nash bargaining model, when coefficient of carbon reduction cost is high the results were reversed. In general, when a retailer take the contract the supply chain can reduce carbon emissions, and improve their profits.