Comparative Study Of Science And Technology Official Statistics In China And The U.S.

Science and Technology Statistics refers to a quantitative determination of national science and technology activities, It is an important tool for science and technology development planning and policy-making, management modernization and scientific decision-making. Currently it is valued by most of the world. Its history dates back to the beginning of the last century. However, before the 1960s, science and technology statistics of the world are decentralized, the relevant legal system, universal norms and standards neither formed. There are different classification methods, the scope of statistics and survey systems of the world's science and technology statistics, as the result, the data obtained were not used to a distant. Thus, the sounds to develop statistical norms work of science and technology of the world are growing louder. June 1963, for the first time OECD gave the efforts for the international standardization of statistical work of science and technology, The Member States held an R & D statistics expert meeting in.. Frascati, Italy, the meeting discussed and adopted the "Frascati Manual", It is become the world's first research and development of this standard document statistics. Then, how about the statistical work of science and technology around the world? Are countries accordance with OECD norms advocated in strict ? Or based on their actual conditions,did countries adopt indicators different form OECD Science and Technology Statistics? What are the countries'advantages and disadvantages in the statistics of science and technology? With numerous countries in the world, all aspects can never be taken into account. China and the US are currently the largest economic bodies in the word, and each of them is representative:China is the largest developing country in the world, while the US is the largest developed country. Therefore, it is representative to select the statistics of Government Science and Technology of China and the US to compare.Research ideas is firstly to compare the development history, echnology statistics, and status of the application of China-US science and statistics. Comparison of history can sum up the experiences and lessons during the process of development of Science and Technology Statistics in the two countries. Comparison of the current status of the two countries'Science and Technology Statistics will let one discover each country's advantages and disadvantages, giving directions for future development of two countries' Science and Technology Statistics. Comparison of the two countries' applications of Science and Technology Statistics can exhibit the importance of Science and Technology Statistics in their ways and means of macro decision-making in future. Based on these, especially on the comparison of the two countries' current status in Science and Technology Statistics, this paper sums up the two countries'future directions of development in Science and Technology Statistics.The novelty of this paper may be reflected in the following aspects:1.comparative researches on a single account between science and technology official statistics in China and in the U.S. are already rare,not to mention papers that comprehensively compare science and technology official statistics in China and in the U.S.,regarding their history,current status,future directions,and applications. Therefore,it is one of the most important innovations in this paper.2. summarize the advantages and disadvantages of existing science and technology statistics of two governments, and proposed the most urgent problems of thel science and technology official statistics in China.3. this paper generalizes aspects in the US science and technology official statistics that can be of China's reference, and combined with the actual situation in China at the present stage,gave recommendations to the future development of the science and technology official statistics in China.Due to limitations of existing data and research level, there are insufficient issues First, due to the lack of available information, this article on China-US science and technology statistics comparison only selected R & D statistics, statistics technology services, technology market statistics and scientific and technological personnel statistics as the main indices. The main target range follow-up studies may choose to expand the contrast, more contrast more representative. Second, the article does not use the way to compare the empirical validity of the China-US Science and technology statistics, subsequent research could explore in this regard.