Effects Of Different Cultivation Methods And Densities On The Growth, Yield And Quality Of Cowpea

In the semi-arid area of western Heilongjiang,the distribution of precipitation was uneven,the soil moisture retention characteristics were poor,and the dry-hot wind lead to early maturation of plants in the late growth stage.In view of the growth factors of ecological environment,the population structure of the kidney was optimized to support the region's rising 110 cm wide ridge farming model,improve the agricultural ecological area planting structure adjustment,and Develop the kidney beans of high yield and high efficiency of mechanized cultivation supporting planting,achieved conservation tillage and sustainable development of agriculture.In order to study the growth characteristics and yield mechanism of kidney beans in 110 cm wide ridge cultivation mode,this test used split design,with the traditional 65 cm wide Small ridge double line and 200000 strains · hm-2 nursery density combination as a control.The morphological characters,photosynthetic characteristics,grain yield and quality of 10,15,20,25 and 30 million · hm-2 different seedling density groups were studied in the width of the narrow line,the three-line pattern of 110 cm wide ridge.The results showed:1.According to the increase of planting density,the plant height could increase the height of plant height in high density group,especially the plant height of M2 M5 treatment in 110 cm large ridge planting line.There was no significant difference in plant height Help to ease the high-density conditions of individual competition.2.The process of lateral thickening of stem was significantly affected by density,and the stem density became smaller with the increase of density,but the density of stem was increased after the treatment of M5 in 65 cm ridge planting mode.3.With the increase of population density,the LAI peak time earlier and the increase of density caused the rapid decline of LAI in the post-anthesis population of high-density group,which resulted in premature senescence of the population,especially the 110 cm ridge planting method.4.With the increase of population density,the chlorophyll content of the leaves of the kidney was decreased,and the leaf size of the kidney leaves was higher than that of the same density.The chlorophyll content was higher than that of the 65 cm ridge The chlorophyll content of the high density population was significantly higher than that of the flat and 65 cm ridge treatments.5.With the increase of population density,the net photosynthetic rate of the kidney was significantly decreased,and the ridge of the seedlings under the low density M1 M4 had higher photosynthetic rate than that of the M5 cropping.The stomatal conductance,transpiration The rate of intercropping CO₂ increased with the increase of population density,and the ridge ridge had higher intercellular CO₂ concentration,and the increase of population density increased the non-stomatal limitation of leaf photosynthesis.The main reason for the decrease of net photosynthetic rate.6.During the growth period,the dry matter accumulation of stem and leaf increased first and then decreased,and the 110 cm large ridge was used to reduce the dry matter accumulation of high-density stem.The dry matter accumulation of kidney pods and grains increased Increase the density,conducive to pod dry matter accumulation,110 cm ridge for the dry matter accumulation of grain.7.Under the condition of conventional ridge cultivation,the yield of kidney beans decreased gradually with the increase of population density,while the grain yield was parabola-shaped distribution with the increase of population density.The highest yield was M2 density treatment,reaching 2276.2 kg · hm-2 The With the increase of population density,the yield efficiency is gradually reduced,while the ridge is more suitable for higher yield efficiency;especially the large ridge pattern,better than the conventional ridge to alleviate the group competition,with high individual yield,thereby increasing the grain Yield,the average yield of 12.8 27.1%.8.100-grain weight were not significantly affected by the cultivation method and population density.The large ridge pattern increased the individual growth space and the number of main stem nodes The average number of pods increased with the increase of the ratio of the number of pods to the number of pods per plant.In particular,the number of pods per plant was higher than that of medium density M3.9.The protein content of kidney beans was influenced by cultivation methods and population density.The cultivation methods mainly affected the grain protein content,while the population density significantly affected the grain protein,fat and starch content.With the increase of population density,the content of grain and protein increased significantly,and the content of fat and starch decreased gradually.Under different cultivation methods,the grain protein content was the same as that of ridge> conventional ridge> pod,and starch content was flat> conventional ridge> Large ridge,fat content showed flat> big ridge> conventional ridge.