Study On Net Carbon Sink And Compensation Mechanism Of Farmland Ecosystem In Yunnan Province

Studying on the net carbon sink and compensation mechanism of farmland ecosystem in Yunnan plays an important role in the construction of ecological civilization,development of low carbon agriculture and work of helping the poor.This paper separately estimates the carbon absorptions of crops,the carbon emissions of farmland production process investment,the amount of carbon sequestration of farmland soil and the carbon emissions of farmland soil respiration in Yunnan by using the coefficient method.It gets that the range for the net carbon absorptions and the net carbon absorptions per unit area of farmland ecosystem is separately 2125.67×104?2785.65×104t and 3.40?4.49t·hm-2 in 2000—2014 in Yunnan.And they all have the growth trend,the average annual growth rate is separately 1.86%and 2.01%.Then structure the carbon compensation mechanism of farmland ecosystem in Yunnan.And it includes the subjects and objects,principles,standards,methods,funding sources of compensation.The compensation subjects are central and Yunnan's local governments,enterprise organizations,non-profit organizations,citizens,etc.The enterprises are the most important compensation subjects,And they voluntarily participate in the carbon compensation by undertaking social responsibilities.The compensation objects are local crop growers.According to the net carbon absorptions per unit area of farmland and carbon average price in 2013 in Yunnan,the compensation standard is 248.24 yuan/hm2.The compensation methods include government compensation and market compensation,and government compensation also includes fund compensation,substantial compensation,policy compensation,technical compensation.Finally,put forward some suggestions to improve the carbon compensation mechanism of farmland in Yunnan,including improving laws,regulations and policies of carbon compensation,establishing measurement system of net carbon sink,expert guidance mechanism for low carbon planting,management and safeguard mechanism of carbon compensation.