Russian Students Learn Chinese Homonym Verbs Error Analysis

There are a large number of near-synonyms in the vocabulary of the modern Chinese language,which is one of the major difficulties for the speakers of Russian,especially for the adult learners.Due to the obstacles created by the adults’ mode of thinking and memory,the acquisition of Chinese near-synonyms becomes much more difficult.Russian adult learners are often unable to differentiate between the slightest distinctions of near-synonyms in the process of their acquisition,and therefore often make errors connected with neglecting the aspects of meaning,grammar or pragmatics.Although near-synonyms and teaching near-synonyms has always been one of the key research issues in Chinese linguistic circles,however till the present day there has not been a targeted study of teaching Russian adult learners Chinese near-synonyms,so this gap obviously needs to be filled in.Since students start learning near-synonyms at the transitional pre-intermediate stage,and the cquisition of near-synonymous cognate verbs is often a certain difficulty,our paper concentrates on the acquisition of Chinese near-synonymous cognate verbs by pre-intermediate Russian adult learners.Basing on the results of previous study,the paper summarizes and analyzes the cases of erroneous usage of Chinese near-synonymous cognate verbs by intermediate Russian adult learners,and offers targeted teaching strategies which may help the learners strengthen their abilities to master the subject.The paper consists of five chapters,the content of each chapter reads as follows:The first chapter is the preface;it introduces the reasons for selection the subject of research,the contents and the scope of study,methods of research and the originality of work.The second chapter discusses the problem of definition of Chinese and Russian near-synonyms,generalizes their major characteristic features and carries out a contrastive analysis on the basis of the generalization.Proceeding from the results of the analysis,the paper estimates presumable difficulties that Russian adult learners may face during the acquisition of Chinese near-synonymous verbs.The third chapter is the key part of the study;it investigates the major characteristic features of Russian adult learners on the example of Ryazan State University Confucius Institute’s adult students.Proceeding from the results of the investigation and basing on the "HSK Level 4 Outline Vocabulary",it works out a survey to study Chinese near-synonyms errors of Russian adult learners.Based on the survey findings,the paper gives a detailed description to the types of the errors:the erroneous usage of meaning,grammar or pragmatic aspect.The fourth chapter sums up the reasons inflicting the errors,which include the negative transfer of mother tongue,the peculiarities of the Chinese language itself,the teachers’ factor,the textbook factor and the dictionary factor and puts forward a set of targeted teaching strategies,which may help Russian adult learners to master Chinese near-synonymous verbs more effectively and thus reach one of the major aims of their studying-pass HSK 4 Level.The strategies consist in the thorough analysis of morphemic structure of near-synonyms,the three-plane analysis and the contrastive analysis of Chinese and the mother tongue.Besides,special attention must be paid to the diversity of practice,the full use of advantages that adult learners have,local teachers’ training and working out of targeted adapted textbooks and dictionaries.The fifth chapter is the conclusion that summarizes the results of the research.