An Analysis Of Bentham's Utilitarianism Thoughts

Bentham's utilitarianism has its own specific historical background and theoretical origins.In view of the complex economical,political and social ideological background at that time,it absorbs the thoughts of pleasure,social welfare,utilitarianism and psychological association,and becomes an ideological weapon on behalf of the industrial bourgeoisie's economy and political demands.It is an Ethics system and radical reform theory with rich connotation,going on the principle of pleasure and pain as the foundation,the utilitarian principium as the core principle,the theory of effect as the manifestation,and the social reform as the final goal.When analyzing Bentham's utilitarianism thought,we should rethink it.It not only realizes the change of concept of equality,morality and law at the individual level,but also realizes the guidance of social happiness at the social level and the three-in-one reform of "situation","method" and "law" at the national level,achieving a certain positive significance for the rapid rise of the bourgeoisie and the control of state power.However,there are many problems of Bentham's utilitarianism in practice,such as the controversy on results of anticipation,expectation and fact,the disagreement between the maximization of utilitarianism and the minimization of losses,even the dispute of individual behavior and social choices.In addition,the profound bourgeois' imprint of Bentham's utilitarianism,as well as the misinterpretation of equality and even the abandonment of the "most people",forsake the most people represented by the working class at that time.