Non-governmental Organizations Participate In Public Crisis Governance Research

As to traditional government emergency management model, the emergency management resources were government's exclusive ones, and the government also held the management authority, so that other social forces cannot effectively participate in the public crisis management, social resources cannot be effectively used to manage the process of public crisis. This is unfavorable to prevent social risks, to reduce the frequency of crisis and loss, and to enhance public participation. As we are in a period of transition to society with high risks from traditional industrial society, public crisis management mode should be changed urgently.Public crisis governance emerged in the above context. It contains the private sector, NGO, citizens into public crisis governance to establish a multiple-actor system including information sharing, shared responsibility, mutual cooperation, which is different from the traditional crisis management model. Nowadays, with the rapid development of China's NGO, they have the ability and desire to participate in public activities. In this way there will be more public products. But in practice, NGO doesn't perform well in public crisis management process and it lacks the enduring spirit of participation. And there are also a lot of obstacles which prevent NGO's participation.This paper selects Wenchuan earthquake as the case. It will analyze NGO's performance in the rescue process to find the difficulties which the NGO faces: self-management confusion, lack of credibility, identity deformity, blind participation, inequality of internal development and the lack of a lasting spirit of participation and other issues. All the above problems reduce NGO's legitimacy. The lack of enduring participation spirit led to its half-hearted participation in crisis management; lack of crisis management expertise, professionals and professional equipment the process led to blind participation; and the internal imbalance further hinder its potential to be the equal collaborator.The troubles which the NGOs face are lack of the ability to participate the governance of public crisis and the lasting participation spirit. We think that the measure to win social credibility is to clarify the relations between NGO and government, to strengthen its internal management, etc.; NGO should be identified in law as the participator in governance of public crisis, which will enhance NGO's ability and motivation to participate public crisis.