Research On The Implementation Problems And Countermeasures Of The Policy Of “village Small Withdrawal” In Dafang County

Since the reform and opening to the outside world,with the continuous development of social economy and the advancement of urbanization,a large number of people migrate from rural areas to cities and towns.Due to the reduction of the rural population,the village primary schools are in a tough situation because of the continuous decreasing of students.Especially the rural primary schools and teaching sites in the mountain areas,which are scattered in some remote and traffic inconvenient locations,need to have a lot of manpower and cost to carry out maintenance and operation.The financial pressure of the government is increasing.Since 2001,the center government has carried out a policy of having a large scale of adjustment on the layout of the rural schools by merging village primary schools and teaching sites.Because there is a large range of area involved in and the merging speed is too fast,it causes a lot of social problems,such as the the increasing of drop-out rate,parents going against the merging etc.Applying the theories of public administration,pedagogy and Sociology,this paperstudies the schools which had been merged in Dafang County with literature research,questionnaire survey,case interview and other research methods on the basis of a large number of studies conducted by scholars both at home and abroad on these issue and analyze the root of the problems through the data which was gathered during the investigation.This paper is made up of five parts.According to the way of finding problems,analyzing reasons and giving suggestions,we finally conclude that the root of the implementation problems of “school merging” policy is based on the starting point and motivation of decision making by the local government.The local government's financial ability to pay and Performance Thinking are the key factors to make the local government do the merging decision.So,the local government has a typical "rational economic man" thinking.When make a “school merging” decision,the local government firstly take their own financial ability to pay into account and therefore subjectively do a "one size fits all" type of layout adjustment and never take other people's interest and loss into account.They push out all the problems to society and it causes a lot of social problems.Therefore,this paper argues that the government should establish a reasonable merging procedure and system,establish a reasonable compensation system for making up the losing interests of students and their families and establish a minimum supply guarantee system for students who cannot afford to go to school because of family financial difficulties to guarantee the educational rights of the students whose schools are merged to ensure fairness and justice.All in all,I hope that this study can provide some reference in the implementation of the policy of the small village and local government in minority areas.