A Study On The Evolution Of The "planar Analytic Geometry" Of The High School Textbook Of The People's Education Edition (1949-2016)

It is well known that the analytical geometry created by Descartes opens the era of variable mathematics and promotes the birth of calculus, and its importance is self-evident. Symbolic-graphic combination also makes it an important part of middle school mathematics. Since the founding of new China, the geometric content of the textbook has experienced the twists and turns from being to nonbeing, from scratch,finally reached a steady, and the study of the history of this part will help to understand deeply the geometric content, comprehend the intention of the textbooks. This paper mainly studies seven sets of universal teaching materials published by People's Education Publishing House (PEP has gone through more than 60 years of history). This paper uses literature research method, comparison method on the plane analytical geometry from the overall evolution and specific evolution to carry out analytical studies. Get the following conclusions:The study of the overall evolution of textbooks. This part mainly studies the contents and presentation of plane analytical geometry. First, the content of the textbooks gradually streamlined and its breadth reduced,making the texts' difficulty decline. But the main body of the plane analytical geometry is not change much. The textbooks gradually attach importance to the core knowledge structure of the various objects, delete the expanding knowledge. Second, the content structure is more clear, and put more emphasis on the backbone of knowledge and the knowledge connectivity. Third, the textbooks are more concerned about the core of basic knowledge and pay attention to the penetration of their ideas and methods. Fourth, the style become gradually enriching.More information technology and the history of mathematics are added to the textbooks.For the additional knowledge that can help students understand plane analytical geometry,the textbooks show them by the "reading and thinking" and "exploring and discovering"columns. Fifth, the columns of textbooks are increasingly rich, textbooks continue to dig the educational value of plane analytical geometry, thinking, inquiry, observation and other columns are increasingly appearing in the textbooks.The study of the specific evolution of textbooks. This part mainly studies the straight line and the circle. First, the definitions are more concise, the logical links between the concepts are strengthening and the textbooks give more consideration to the acceptability of concepts. Second, the ways of introduction think more about the cognitive psychology of students and the textbooks restore the process of mathematics' re-creation. Thirdly, the examples of the plane analytical geometry are gradually increasing, and the amount of exercises is relatively reduced and stabilized. The demonstration of the text becomes stronger; the setting of the exercises is more reasonable, the textbooks not only have practice questions after the section and the exercises, but also the chapter exercises,review questions and so on. Fourth, the application of textbooks has been strengthened.Fifth, the goal of teaching is increasingly rich. In addition to the traditional "double base"requirements, basic activities experience, basic ideas of mathematics (ability, process,ideas and values, etc.) are increasingly reflected in the textbooks.Finally, based on the above research, some suggestions are given for the preparation or teaching of the geometric content of plane analysis in the textbook, and some further research questions are put forward according to the shortcomings of this paper.