The Construction And Application Of Primary School Computing Teaching Strategies

Calculating ability is one of the fundamental qualities that pupils need to have for their study and life in the future.It runs through the whole process of math teaching in primary school because it plays a significant role in developing students'number sense as well as improving their thinking and innovative ability.However,the author finds in her own investigation that the pupils' calculating ability is far from satisfactory in the following three aspects:a poor grasp of the concepts,an inadequate understanding of the calculating principles and a lack of flexibility in the calculation.Therefore,based on the analysis of the present situation and influencing factors of pupils' calculating ability,this thesis tries to find out the causes for poor calculating ability of the pupils and proposes relevant teaching strategies in order to improve their calculation.The whole thesis consists of five parts.In the first part,the author illustrates the importance of this problem from the aspects of the students' all-round development,curriculum standards and the present situation.The second part carries out an attribution analysis based on the author's investigation.The poor calculating ability may be attributed to both teachers and themselves.The former may lack effective strategies in teaching the relevant concepts,the calculating principles of the calculus and flexible calculation.The latter may not have'a good command of the basic calculation knowledge and haven't yet formed good calculation quality.They may lack integral consciousness due to the limitation of their psychological development.The first part is the key part of the thesis.In this part,the author tries to put forward some real teaching strategies under the guidance of the relevant theories in instructional psychology.In the light of APOS theory,the teaching strategies applicable to the illustration of calculation concepts can be as follows:finding models in reality,representing in different manners and understanding in the solution to a problem.According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development,the following strategies can be applied in teaching the calculating principles of the calculus,namely,using intuitive models,comparing algorithms,understanding the calculating principles and verifying it in practice.According to the psychology of intellectual education,strategies can be applied in teaching flexible calculation can be summarized as follows:attaching great significance to mental arithmetic and strengthening estimation;diversifying and optimizing algorithm;grasping some rapid calculation skills.In the fourth part,the author conducts an intervention study of the teaching strategies by means of quasi-experiments.The last part is the author's conclusions and reflections.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The teaching of the calculation concepts consists of three stages-the active stage,program stage and schema stage.At the first stage,teachers can let students find models in reality;then,at the second stage,they can realize students' internalization of the concepts by means of different ways of representation.Finally,they can let students understand a new concept and associate it with other concepts in solving real problems.(2)When teaching the calculating principles,teachers should take into consideration the thinking patterns of the students.They can let students have a rough understanding of the principles first by means of an intuitive model and then let them explore and compare different algorithms so as to have a clear idea about the calculating principles.Finally,teachers may verify the scientific nature of the algorithm through its application in real life.(3)In terms of the teaching of flexible calculation,teachers can let the strategies of flexible calculation penetrate into the teaching of mental arithmetic and estimation so as to lay a solid foundation for flexible calculation.Then,in the process of the diversification and optimization of algorithm,they can let students select strategies.Finally,flexible calculation strategies are trained through rapid calculation skills.