| The opening of the two-child policy promotes the increase of the number of two-child families so that the parenting style of two children has become one of the focuses of family education.To improve the overall educational level of the society and reduce the child problem behavior,to guide the parenting behaviors of the two children and to pay attention to the next generation,it is of great significance to understand the challenges of the two-child family parenting style and to explore the factors influencing parenting style of the two-child family.The two-child family in this study refers to the family of two children who are born to parents,excluding adoptions.A variety of media and parents mentioned "raising the first child according to books,the second to the Pig." This saying reflects the great differences in parenting styles between one-child and two-chile family.And it pushes the author to think these questions:what are the challenges?How do parents cope with parenting style?What are the specific differences between the "book keeping" and "swine rearing" in parental style?What are the causes?This study has carried out in-depth contact with 12 families through the interview and participatory observation in the qualitative research method.Focusing on characteristics and influencing factors of the parenting style of two-child family,and basing on the research findings,it explores inspirations of parenting style to two-child family.The results of the study are as follows:1.This study explores characteristics of parenting styles in two-child families from the following four dimensions:(1)From the perspective of upbringing idea,the expectations of education pay attention to morality and children's natural development and their concepts have developmental and foundational characteristics.(2)From the perspective of the rearing roles,mothers are mainly accompanied by second children in the early days,resulting in the increase of fathers' rearing time or the increase of grandparents' participation,but parents have negative attitudes to the participation of grandparents.(3)From the perspective of family atmosphere,parents will start from the overall relationship between husband and wife.Parental rearing conflicts are mainly on the differences of principle,undermining the consistency of education;the parent-child relationship may undergo fluctuations after the birth of a second child and parent-childinteraction tends to be multi-directional;parents will gradually accept the process of the compatriots relationship and recognize the role of parental guidance;regardless of whether grandparents are involved in parenting or not,parents feel "the beauty of distance" with their ancestors;(4)From the perspective of parent-child interaction,the parental control mode is changing and has differences between the compatriots;mothers are better at expressing emotions than fathers,and are more concerned about their children's emotional needs,while parents' trust is generally low,but after the birth of second child,the trust of the first has risen.2.The following three factors lead to the above characteristics:(1)The influence of family environment change.The changes in the environment of two-child family,especially the microenvironment,will bring about a series of changes in parental styles;(2)The influence of children's characteristics.Children will show the individual development differences and the age characteristics.And some families have influences of gender.(3)The influence of parental development.When there are two children in the family,parents feel that they have more patience and tolerance,reduced their anxiety;parents will often reflect on the past parental experience,status and concept upon observations of children's responses.These reflections and observations interact with their learning so that they will enhance their maturity,adjusting their parental styles.Through the analysis of the characteristics and influential factors of the two-child family parental style,the author believes that parents need to actively reply to the environmental changes and learn how to love children better,to build their own parental styles with children together in accordance with the actual family situation.The necessity of learning-type parents is partly because the family is one of the places of lifelong learning and partly because love children is an important aspect to promote the development of their own personality during their care and nurture,conforming to the development of ecological orientation of family rearing style.To be learning-type parents,parents need to be open-minded and have positive attitudes towards the changes in surrounding environment to take advantages of the favorable aspects;in the daily upbringing,parents should observe,understand and comprehend the individual characteristics of children,the differences between compatriots and the characteristics of age,etc.;in constant reflection and learning,they improve their maturity and maintain equal love to create a healthy mental and physical environment for children's benefits. |
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