| Manufacture industry has played a huge role in the process of China's economic development. Since reform and opening up, with a rapid developme nt of China's manufacture industry, great changes have taken place in the spatial distribution pattern of the industry that quite a number of manufacture industries tended to concentrate in the eastern coastal areas. However, in recent years, with the redundant construction problem became more and more seriously, some industries had the serious overcapacity problem, moreover, as the cost of labor and land rent continue to rise, part of the manufacture industries in the eastern have losing their comparative advantage, then the problem of congestion production factors and industry benefit loss appeared. On the other hand, in order to promote part of the manufacture industries shift from eastern regions to the central and western regions, the government released massive policies and measures, but the effect was not ideal that quite a number of manufacture industries shifted to Southeast Asia where has more cost advantage. The imbalance of China's manufacture industries' space distribution leads to large amount of social resource waste and idle, in which has become a stumbling block to the steady and healthy development of C hina's economy. Therefore, study the changing trend of the agglomeration in China's manufacture industries and identify the over-agglomeration industries and their regions and further analysis the extent of the efficiency loss caused by factor congestion is very necessary to ease the problem of overcapacity between regions, and thus enhance the regional industrial efficiency.Therefore, firstly, this paper reviews and summaries the related researches at domestic and abroad, then sorts out the related theories about the industrial agglomeration and the congestion of production factors; Secondly, this paper uses the industrial spatial agglomeration index called E-G index to measure the industrial agglomeration degree in 20 two-digit manufacture industries between 1993 and 2013 based on output value data s, thus analyzes the changing trend of the agglomeration degree of the whole manufacture industries and each industry, and investigates the characteristics about the changes in the distribution of concentration and the new trend of regional industry transfer; Thirdly, in order to analyze whether the spatial agglomeration of manufacturing industry is re asonable or not, this paper judges the excessive agglomeration of manufacturing industries; Finally, this paper uses the method of quantitative analysis to analyze the area where excessive agglomeration industries located in, besides, analyzes the degree of congestion of production factors and the loss of efficiency about the allocation of production factors, then this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the development of these excessive agglomeration industries.The results indicate that the overall agglomeration degree of China's manufacturing industry is low at present, and the growth rate of China's manufacturing industrial agglomeration degree shapes inverted U shaped curve, besides, different industries show different growth characteristics in different periods. Moreover, in the study period, the uneven regional distribution of the industries becomes weakened by strengthening and some industries have been transferred to other regions in recent years. The results also shows that there are 8 over-clustering industries in China which mostly are capital intensive industries, and they has entered the non economic zone. Finally, over-clustering region appeared congestion of production factors and the efficiency loss about the allocation of production factors. |
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