| Because of apple are growing under a broad range all over the world.Chinas' apple planting area of 2.2722 million hectares in 2014,accounting for 19.45% of the whole orchard planting area.Apple production accounted for the proportion of total fruit production up to 48.36% in 2014.With the continuous development of economic globalization and trade liberalization,Apple market in the process of docking with the international market,in the face of increasingly fierce market competition and consumers to the pursuit of high quality,the cultivation level for apple to ask for a better level.How to create the apple planting "low cost,high benefit",optimization of apple planting cost benefit and efficiency problem,to satisfy people growing demand for apple constantly,become the urgent problem the apple planting facing.Based on this,this article takes the apple planting situation for introduction,adopting the trend analysis method to comprehensive analyze the temporal variation and features of the cost-benefit analysis in apple planting from 1991 to 2014 in China,This essay on the basis of analyzing the benefits of apple planting in 1991-2014,selecting the panel date in seven mainly provinces of apple planting and make an empirical analysis on the input-output efficiency of apple planting by DEA data envelopment model.Based on descriptive analysis on charactristics of benefit of apple planting,choosing to establish a VAR modeal,and apply the impulse response functions and the variance decompositionto to analyze the influencing factors of benefit of apple planting.And according to the results of the empirical analysis to find out countermeasures and Suggestions to improve apple planting benefit.The cultivation profile of national apple is the foundation of this article.The national apple planting area shows the characteristics has experienced rapid expansion,continued to decline to gradually smooth cycle.It can be seen that a period of time in the future,apple planting area in our country will enter a stage of stable development.In the meanwhile,apple production has been appeared high tendency rather than decreasing with the atrophy of the planting area,and keep increasing persistently and the rise in status is linear.From apple planting production in our country and the world's level,apple production in our country the proportion of the world production of apple has been rising,almost half of world output,which fully reflects the our country the important position of apple industry in the world.The change trendcy in cost benefit of apple planting analysis is the main content of this article.The apple planting costs generally rise and has a large volatility.They have similar change trend with regard to the total cost per unit area and per unit product,at the same time of increasing volatility is bigger also.In the meanwhile,cash cost and unit product cost per unit area,also showing a rising trend,and almost the same change trend.In terms of the structure of the total cost,the general trend is that the production cost has been occupying the proportion of the total cost of the absolute from 1991 to 2014,and also shows a tendency of further increases in recent years,however,land costs accounting less than 10% an average.In the cost of production,material and service costs accounted for the proportion of production costs are coming down.On the contrary,the growth rate of labor costs accounted,according to the trend of development,labor costs will slowly replace material and service fee as the main part of the cost of production.The apple growing earnings to rise as a whole.For the output value per unit area,shows the growth of the overall situation,and the annual output value per unit area were higher than the total cost per unit area;The apple planting change trend of cash earnings per unit area and per unit product of cash earnings,the overall rise.National apple planting per unit area and per unit product overall increased at the same time,the net profit year-on-year growth rate volatility tends to expand and show the W,rise or lower year average no more than two years.The apple planting benefit analysis is an important content of this article.Total cost margins presents a fluctuating regularity in recent years,in the meanwhile showing a downward trend.In this way,it shows that cost control ability is abate,and earn less profit.Generally speaking,artificial cost profit margins decline is relatively obvious in recent years,the apple planting in labor costs and the proceeds from falling.Material and service fee margins and the total cost of the profit margin is the general trend of present similar,volatility is larger.Apple planting economic benefit in reducing,deep shows that apple planting input is not fully used,the elements of investment also didn't get the reasonable cost control.Output overall profit margins also showed declining state,to show that the output growth of net profit is reduced at the same time,apple cultivation though but did not achieve the goal of increased revenue to increase production.Malmquist productivity index of DEA method from two dimensions of time and space efficiency of apple cultivation measure the empirical analysis shows that apple plant input and output of lower overall efficiency,technical problems is the key to can improve the efficiency of input and output.The apple growing earnings impact factor analysis is a key content of this article.The article establish a VAR modeal,and apply the impulse response functions and the variance decompositionto to analyze the influencing factors of benefit of apple planting.The empirical analysis results show that the selling price per unit product for apple planting of net income,followed by yield per unit area and per unit area of material and service costs.Conclusion and related countermeasures and Suggestions of this article is a constructive content.On the basis of summarizing the research results,and puts forward rational Suggestions.Specific to strengthen government guidance,establishing apple price stability system;Strengthen scientific and technological application promotion,improve the level of apple production;To strengthen the control and standardize agricultural materials market;Make greater efforts to support implementation of fruit and vegetable insurance;Give play to the role of industry organization,strengthen the market information system.Broaden the market channels,for reference to accelerate the market circulation.In this way to further improve apple planting benefit,promote the development of apple industry vigorously. |
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