Labor Supply And Demand Research Of Migrant Workers In Manufacturing Industry

Currently,China's manufacturing industry growth rate of output fluctuate strongly and is even in a trend of serious decline in the process of transformation and upgrading.As the backbone of the manufacturing workers,migrant workers,on the one hand,are in the trouble of "labor shortage" endlessly year after year.On the other hand,there are huge numbers of migrant workers and quite a few part of the potential transfer of rural labor force.Whether migrant workers labor supply is reaching the "lewis turning point"or not is controversial.Therefore,further study of labor supply and demand of Chinese manufacturing migrant workers,and exploring how to optimize the migrant workers labor supply to match the actual demand of manufacturing industry have strong practical significance.According to the above problem,this paper focuses on the current widespread problem of "shortage of migrant workers" in manufacturing industry and analyzes the causes of its formation.The paper start from the supply and the demand of manufacturing workers,using the combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to analyzed the number of migrant workers and their structural problems respectively from the demand side and supply side.First of all,qualitative analysis was adopted to explore the structural problems of labor supply and demand of migrant workers.The paper analyzed the development of Chinese manufacturing industry and manufacturing industry was divided into labor-intensive manufacturing industry and capital-intensive manufacturing industry for a better comparison.At the same time,it deeply analyzed the migrant workers themselves characteristics,including age,gender,culture degree and output characteristics and overall size of migrant workers.Secondly,empirical analysis was used to explore the problem of the number of migrant workers labor supply and demand in manufacturing industry.Based on the principal component analysis,the demand for workers was measured in view of the manufacturing development in the empirical research;Through the production function method and comparative labor productivity method,our country existing potential of rural transferable surplus labor force was estimated.The empirical results show that currently the demand for migrant labor force in manufacturing industry is gradually reducing but there are still a large number of transferable rural labor force in China.Namely,manufacturing migrant Labor is still in the state of oversupply and have not reached the "lewis turning point".However,both demand side and supply side of manufacturing migrant labor exist corresponding serious structural problems,which leads to a glut in number under the present situation but it still exists the contradiction of "shortage of migrant workers" problel.Specifically speaking,the structural problems in demand side includes the current lack of migrant workers social security,unpaid wages,and getting different pay,etc.;The structural problems in supply side includes the rural labor force transfer regional imbalance,low level of education("skilled worker shortage "),etc.Thus,the paper drew the following conclusions:problems of "shortage of migrant workers”in manufacturing industry emerging endlessly is not because the labor supply has reached to the "lewis turning point",and not because "demographic dividend" has disappeared in China,and the essence of which is mainly the "skilled worker shortage"of manufacturing labor under the imbalance between supply and demand of rural migrant workers.Structural unemployment has become the primary contradiction of manufacturing migrant workers labor supply and demand.Migrant workers are still in the secondary labor market of labor market segmentation.