Research On The Impact Of Income Inequality And Social Network On The Demand In Small-scale Irrigation And Water Conservancy Facilities

The small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities are the basis of the protection of agricultural production,whose impact on the national food security cannot be ignored.Especially the small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities affect the agricultural production and farmers' income.However,the short supply of small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities in China is not to meet the demand of modern agricultural development.Therefore,the effective way to solve this problem is to promote the construction of social resources into small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities,especially to promote their users-farmers themselves.But according to behavior theories,their demand impacts the degree of participation of farmers,because any behavior is inherently driven.Due to that this demand is an indirect demand for increased incomes,they will turn to other ways to increase income,when the agricultural income cannot meet famers' demand for increased income,which may reduce the demand.What is also worth noting is that when the income inequality is exacerbated,it is possible that the demand for all ways to increasing income will grow.So income inequality will lead to internal instability and inconsistent demand.The social network based on geography,kinship and affinity can unit individuals' interests,to improve the degree of farmers' demand in the process of small-scale farmland water supply.Therefore,this paper study on the impact of income inequality,social network and their interaction on famers' demand in small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities.This paper uses the quantile to do the robust regression for the indicator Gini coefficient which characterizes the income inequality,uses the amount of relatives and friends to indicate social network which also is divided into individual importance,primary network,secondary network,uses the subjective answer to indicate the degree of demand,and adds the village level,family level and farmer layer control variables.According to 1551 questionnaire survey data of 100 villages in five provinces(or autonomous regions)of Inner Mongolia,Ningxia,Shaanxi,Henan and Shandong,we tested and verified 7supposes with Ordered Probit Model and finally came up with suggestions based on empirical conclusions.The following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The income gap has a significant and positive impact on the water demand of small-scale farmland,and the results of the robust regression are the same,which indicates that if the income inequality of the group is more obvious,their demand is more higher.(2)The social network also has a significant and positive impact on the degree of water demand of small-scale farmland,but the degree of individual importance and the degree of primary network demand are negative.What indicates is that the farmer with larger social network,his/her demand is greater,but the importance of individual or the primary network of farmers is more higher,the demand for small-scale farmland water is more lower(3)The interaction between income inequality and social network has a significant negative effect on the demand and the influence of the interaction between secondary network and income inequality is significant and negative,which indicates that the famer with larger secondary network,his demand is smaller in the context of perceived income inequality.Meanwhile under different degree of income inequality and per capita income,the interaction between social network has different effects on the demand of small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities.(4)The degree of water demand of small-scale farmland is also affected by the individual characteristics,family characteristics and village characteristics of farmers,but there are significant differences in the characteristics.