A Comparative Study On The Difference Of Farmers' Livelihood Capital And Their Livelihood Patterns

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made an important plan to implement the strategy of Rural Revitalization.At present,China's unbalanced and inadequate contradictions mainly focus on urban and rural development.The key to rural modernization lies in solving the structural problems of regional economic development,which requires strengthening the agricultural foundation and improving the competitiveness of agricultural industry.With the improvement of the overall level of rural economy and the rise of rural tourism,great changes have taken place in the lives of farmers,and livelihood strategy has gradually changed from agricultural to non-agricultural or part-time farmers.We should carry out the strategy of Rural Revitalization under the condition of grasping the resource endowment,realistic foundation and development background of rural development.Given the imbalance in regional development in China,the economic development of Zhengzhou,the central city,is in the middle level,and there are certain differences in the types and levels of rural development in the region,so the rural areas of Zhengzhou can represent the rural development in the central region to a certain extent condition.In this paper,taking the suburban villages of Zhengzhou as the research object,four types of rural development were selected.Under the background of rural revitalization,it is of great significance to explore the regional differences of different types of rural development and the reasons for their formation,so as to improve the livelihood ability of farmers and further promote rural development.In this paper,firstly,under the general situation of Zhengzhou,four types of rural development are selected in the suburbs of Zhengzhou based on industry as the basis of rural development type;secondly,through sustainable livelihoods framework as a guide,differences livelihood capital of four types of rural households are compared,and quantile regression model is constructed by Stata software,the relationship between livelihood capital and income is discussed through median regression;third,the paper compares the four types of rural households' livelihood modes,explores the driving mechanism of their livelihood transformation,diversifies their livelihood strategies,and strengthens their sustainable development ability;finally,it puts forward countermeasures and suggestions according to the development obstacles faced by different types of rural development.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The rural natural capital of agricultural leading type is the best,with large planting area and good quality of cultivated land.The main industry farming,and the natural capital gap in the village is very small,most of the cash crops are sold to the outside world,but the human capital is relatively scarce,and the overall education level is low.Because young and middle-aged farmers leave the countryside and go out to work,and the aged people stay in the countryside,the labor force is insufficient and the quality of labor force is declining.(2)The industry-oriented rural human capital is the best,the labor resources are rich,but the least natural capital,the farmers are mostly non-agricultural under the background of land transfer,government land acquisition and so on.For thousands of years,the farmers have a local complex and strong dependence on land.Under the mode of land acquisition and transfer,the farmers' dependence on land is gradually weakened,and their livelihood is also transferred to non-agricultural activities.(3)In order to increase their income,farmers in Taishan village participate in the investment and employment of tourism industry.Especially in the context of Rural Tourism Development,the labor force gradually inclines from the primary industry to the tertiary industry,and agricultural farmers begin to differentiate into tourism Tourism farmers,farmers who participate in tourism has increased every year,farmers' incomes are rising,way of life towards diversification,the whole is rich,but there is a wide gap between the rich and the poor.(4)Compared with the other three types of villages,the balanced development villages have the highest total value of livelihood capital and little difference in internal material capital.The first,the second and the third industries of the village develop in a balanced way,among which the financial capital and social capital are the best,which is embodied in the highest measurement value of family income,not only in income,but also in diversified livelihood ways,broadening the channels of income sources and resisting risks Strong strength,small fluctuation of family economy.Based on the above conclusions,the following countermeasures and recommendations are proposed:to optimize the layout of agricultural production,we should on the basis of retaining part of the traditional agricultural production and operation,we will strengthen the development of modern agriculture,enhance the advantageous characteristic agriculture,to meet the diverse needs of the market,to realize the comprehensive development of agriculture,secondary and tertiary industries,to promote the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture;industrial owner guided villages should strengthen the intensive construction of industry,develop green industry,and take the road of sustainable development;business tourism service-oriented villages should be operated on a large scale,deeply tap local tourism resources,to create a brand with tourism characteristics,and combine with ecological and cultural resources to ensure the sound development of tourism;rural areas with balanced development should highlight local industrial characteristics,at the same time,we will improve infrastructure construction and improve the coordinated development of tourism and the integration of three industries.